超重和肥胖对青少年血压的影响

目的：研究超重和肥胖对青少年血压的影响。方法：采用整群抽样方法，对上海市青浦区11～17岁在校学生进行流行病学调查。对血压超过正常水平的调查对象，在1个月内复测其血压。结果：入组学生共4175人，其中女性2183人（52．3％）。4175人中，血压正常者3025人（72．5％），正常高值血压750人（18．0％），1级高血压346人（8．3％），2级高血压54人（1．3％）。女性超重和肥胖的检出率分别为6．7％和3．0％，男性则分别为13．7％和6．3％。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，在调整性别、年龄、父母高血压史和体育活动水平后，超重和肥胖是青少年高血压的独立危险因素，超重的优势比（95％可信区间）为1．42（1．16～1．75），肥胖为2．35（1．78～3．11）。被动吸烟、高血压家族史与青少年高血压无显著相关性。结论：超重和肥胖是影响青少年血压水平增高的主要因素。

Effect of Overweight and Obesity on Adolescent Hypertension

Objective：To investigate the effects of overweight and obesity on adolescent hypertension. Methods： Students aged 11 to 17 from Qingpu district of Shanghai were recruited by regular randomized cluster sampling in this study. The participants with abnormal higher blood pressure were continuously monitored in one month. Results： A total of 4175 students were included in this study, including 2183 females （52.3%） and 1992 males （47. 7%）. There were 3025 subjects with normal blood pressure （72.5%）, 750 subjects with high normal blood pressure （18.0%）, 346 subjects with grade 1 hypertension （8.3%）, 54 subjects with grade 2 hypertension （1.3%）. The proportions of overweight and obesity were 6.7% and 3.0% in female, while those were t3.7% and 6. 3% in male. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that overweight Eodd ratio （OR） = 1.42, 95 0% conficlenee interval （CI） = 1. 16- 1. 75）] and obesity （OR= 2.35, 95%CI= 1.78-3.11） were the most common risk factors in adolescent hypertension, adjusted to gender, age, exercise, and family history of hypertension. Conclusions： Overweight and obesity are the main risk factors involved in ado- lescent hypertension.