Induction of spheroid cytoplasmic bodies in a rat muscle by local tetanus

The term "cytoplasmic body" or "spheroid body" myopathy refers to a heterogeneous group of familial or sporadic diseases characterized primarily by the presence of abundant spheroid or cytoplasmic bodies in the muscles. The morphogenesis of these inclusions remains unclear. This article describes the induction and evolution of spheroid cytoplasmic bodies (SCBs) in the rat plantaris muscle (PL) with local tetanus, which was induced in rats by the injection of a minute amount of tetanus toxin. In contrast to the tetanized soleus muscle (SOL), which developed core fibers (central cores, minicore, target fiber, targetoid fiber, and rods), the tetanized PL produced numerous SCBs with a predictable time course. They were induced in both type 1 and 2 fibers of PL, which is composed predominantly (95%) of type 2 fibers, in contrast to SOL (85% type 1 fibers). Factors inducing SCBs may include immobilization, shortening, intact innervation, and disuse atrophy.