广东省怀集县中学生心理求助状况调查及相关因素分析

目的了解广东省怀集县中学生心理求助状况,探讨其相关因素,为开展校园心理卫生服务提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,在广东省怀集县两所中学每个年级各抽取2个班级共12个班级的593名学生作为调查对象。采用自编人口学问卷、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、心理求助经历问卷进行匿名调查。通过Logistic模型探讨影响心理求助行为的相关因素。结果共567份(95.6%)问卷纳入最终分析。被访者平均年龄(15.1±1.6)岁,女生293名(51.7%)。243名(42.9%)学生有心理求助经历,同学或朋友(61.7%)、亲人(48.6%)、心理医生(6.6%)是怀集县中学生心理求助的前三名对象。专业心理咨询求助比例为2.8%。多因素分析发现,SCL-90评分160分(OR=2.0,95%CI:1.4~2.9)、班主任为女性(OR=1.7,95%CI:1.1~2.6)、较大年龄(OR=1.3,95%CI:1.0~1.3)是心理求助行为的独立相关因素。SCL-90评分越高,心理求助比例越高。结论怀集县中学生心理求助对象大多为关系密切的非专业医务人员,需针对学生、家人、老师进行心理卫生知识培训。

Investigationof psychological help - seeking behavior and associated factors in middle school students of Huaiji County of Guangdong

Objective To investigate the status of psychological help - seeking in middle school students,and to explore the associated factors of such behaviors so that we could get enough information for local psychological crisis intervention. Methods Stratified random cluster sampling method was used to collect data from two middle schools in Huaiji County. We used self - designed demographic questionnaire,SCL -90,and a psychological help - seeking checklist to collect data. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify associated factors. Results A total of 567(95. 6% )cases were included in the final analysis. The mean age of all subjects were (15. 1 ± 1. 6),and 51. 7% of them were females. 243 students(42. 9% )had psychological help - seeking behaviors. Classmate or friends(61. 7% ),families(48. 6% )and psychologist(6. 6% )were the top three people that the students usually seek help from. The rate of help - seeking from professionals was 2. 8% . SCL - 90 score higher than 160(OR = 2. 0,95% CI:1. 4 ~ 2. 9),female head teacher(OR = 1. 7,95% CI:1. 1 ~ 2. 6)and older age(OR = 1. 3,95% CI:1. 0 ~ 1. 3)were independent factors associated with psychological help - seeking behaviors. Higher score of SCL -90 was associated with higher rate of psychological help - seeking behavior, but not associated with professional psychological help - seeking rate. Conclusion The rate of psychological help - seeking is low in middle school students of Huaiji county,and most students seek help from non - professionals. There is urgent needs to train students, teachers,and families about mental health knowledge so that they can provide initiative help to students who need psychological aid.