人乳头瘤病毒经产道母婴垂直传播的分析

[目的]分析人乳头瘤病毒经产道母婴垂直传播的特点。[方法]应用PCR体外扩增和DNA反向斑点杂交相结合的DNA芯片技术,对经产道分娩产妇及其新生儿117对（自然分娩组）和剖宫产产妇及其新生儿74对（剖宫产组）母体生殖道、新生儿口腔分泌物进行HPV定性及分型检测。[结果]母体生殖道HPV检出率为14.66%（28/191）;自然分娩组和剖宫产组的新生婴儿口腔HPV检出率分别为3.42%和0.00%,但差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。母体生殖道HPV阳性者新生婴儿口腔HPV检出率为22.22%（4/18）,显著性高于母体生殖道HPV阴性组的检出率（0,0/99）（P〈0.05）。新生婴儿口腔HPV亚型与其母体生殖道的亚型一致。[结论]妊娠妇女生殖道HPV感染较为常见,HPV可以经产道垂直传播,对母体及新生儿的影响值得进一步研究。

An Analysis of Vertical Transmission of Human Papillomavirus through the Birth Canal

[Purpose] To investigate the features of human papillomavirus vertical transmission through the birth canal. [Methods] A total of 117 pairs of natural delivery mothers and their newborns（natural childbirth group） and 74 pairs of cesarean mothers and their newborns（C-S group）were recruited. HPV were examined and genotyped by polymerase chain reaction（PCR） and reversed dot blot hybridization for secretion from maternal genital tract and newborn oral.[Results] HPV detection rate of maternal genital tract was 14.66%（28/191）. Newborn oral HPV detection rate in natural childbirth group and C-S group was 3.42% and 0.00% respectively,with no statistic difference（P〉0.05）. Oral HPV detection rate of newborns in genital tract HPV-positive mothers was 22.22%（4/18）,which was significantly higher than that in genital tract HPV-negative mothers（0,0/99）（P〈0.05）. Genotyping showed newborn oral HPV subtypes were coincidence with their mother＇s genital tract subtypes. [Conclusion] Pregnant women genital HPV infection is common. HPV can be vertical transmitted through the birth canal. HPV impact on mother and newborn deserves further study.