恶性肿瘤患者姑息治疗的营养支持

摘 要接受姑息治疗的晚期恶性肿瘤患者常伴有营养不良及恶液质，对此有必要积极给予合理的营养支持，以控制症状、提高病患的生活质量。本文在查阅当前国内外文献基础上，阐述恶液质对肿瘤患者临床结局的影响，客观评估肿瘤姑息治疗患者的营养状况。亦对姑息治疗营养支持策略，如膳食营养咨询、口服营养补充剂、肠内营养和肠外营养等的研究进展进行了综述。尽管目前有关肿瘤姑息治疗的营养支持缺乏循证医学证据，但仍需积极提倡多学科团队协作，包括医生、护士、药师和营养师等，帮助患者及家属选择有效的营养干预措施，改善其生活质量。

Nutritional Support of Cancer Patients in Palliative Care

ABSTRACTMalnutrition and cachexia are the common complications of cancer patients in palliative care. Therefore, it is indispensable that positive and reasonable nutritional support should be carried out to control the symptoms and improve quality of patients. Based on the investigation to current literature, this paper described the impact of cachexia in cancer patients on clinical outcomes and assessed objectively nutritional status of cancer patients in palliative care. The progress of nutritional support in palliative care, such as dietary counseling, oral nutrition supplementations, enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition, was also reviewed. Although current nutritional support for palliative treatment is still lacking evidence-base, we still recommend positively multidisciplinary teamwork, including physicians, nurses, pharmacists, nutritionists, etc., to provide patients and their families with the effective nutrition therapy to improve their quality of life.