某矿井及选煤厂职业病危害因素控制效果评价

目的了解某矿井及选煤厂工作场所的职业病危害因素及现状,并对其控制效果进行评价。方法根据生产工艺流程、原辅材料类别、工作流程、《工作场所空气中有害物质监测的采样规范》等标准确定本次现状调查的职业病危害因素采样点、采样方法和分析方法。结果矿井及选煤厂的24个化学物质检测点合格率100.0%,24个粉尘检测点合格率79.2%,91个噪声工作场所噪声测量结果合格率87.9%;井下采掘工序受检的20个工种煤尘,选煤厂受检的6个工种煤尘CTWA合格率分别为30.0%、83.3%;9个工种噪声作业工人个体噪声测量结果合格率为66.7%;35个工种8 h等效声级噪声计算结果合格率为71.4%。结论大部分工作场所职业病危害因素的浓(强)度符合职业接触限值要求,但因井下作业工艺条件和工作环境的限制,煤尘浓度要控制在国家职业接触限值范围仍存在一定的技术难度。本矿井及选煤厂职业病危害的关键控制点为井下开采单元的采掘、运输工序及选煤单元原煤准备和产品外运工序的煤尘和噪声,建议加强除尘或防尘设备的日常管理和维护,强化通风,加强操作人员的个人防护,减轻职业危害。

Control Effect of Occupational Hazards in Coal Mine and Coal Preparation Plant

Objective To understand status of occupational risk factors and evaluate control effect of occupational hazards in the coal mine and coal preparation plant.Methods Based on the production process,categories of raw and auxiliary materials,work flow and relative standards such as Specifications of Air Sampling for Hazardous Substances Monitoring in Workplace,investigation of the occupational hazards sampling point,sampling method and analysis methods were confirmed.Results Qualified rate of 24 detection points for chemical substances was 100.0%,for dust 79.2%;qualified rate of 91 noise points in the workplace was 87.9%.Qualified rate of time-weighted average concentration of coal dust was 30.0% in 20 types of subjects of underground mining operations,83.3% in types of subjects of coal preparation plant.Qualified rate of 9 types of individual workers exposed to noise was 66.7%,35 types of 8-hour equivalent sound level of noise were calculated and qualified rate was 71.4%.Conclusion Test results show that the majority of occupational hazards in the workplace meets the occupational exposure limit,but underground work conditions and work environment cause technical difficulty so that dust concentration can＇t meet the national occupational exposure limit.The occupational critical control points in the project are coal dust and noise produced by the underground mining unit extraction, transportation processes and coal preparation unit and transporting products processes.It is suggested to strengthen routine management and maintenance of dust removal and equipments,to enhance the operator＇s individual protection and reduce occupational hazards.