2014—2017年兰州市心血管疾病住院病人疾病谱分析

目的分析2014—2017年兰州市住院病人心血管疾病谱构成及其变化趋势。方法采集甘肃省疾病系统数据库中2014—2017年兰州市居民心血管疾病115 805例住院病人的数据,按照心血管疾病常用分类方法统计疾病谱构成,分析不同性别和年龄组人群疾病谱的构成和顺位。结果 115 805例病人中,男性占57.34%、女性占42.66%,心血管系统各病种前五位顺位分别是冠心病、高血压、出血性脑血管病、缺血性脑血管病、心脏传导和心律失常;冠心病(χ~2=49.871)、其他脑血管病(χ~2=9.143)、先天性心脏病(χ~2=14.513)、外周血管疾病(χ~2=10.740)、慢性风湿性心脏病(χ~2=47.360)、心肌疾病(χ~2=8.506)、心力衰竭和其他缺血性心脏病(χ~2=28.657)男女差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);除心包疾病外,其他心血管疾病各年龄组差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论心血管系统各病种顺位分别是冠心病、高血压、出血性脑血管病、缺血性脑血管病等,其中冠心病、高血压、出血性脑血管病是心血管系统疾病主要住院原因,且在45岁及以上人群中构成比最高;心血管系统疾病的防控应重点关注上述病种。

Disease spectrum of hospitalized patients with cardiovascular disease in Lanzhou city from 2014 to 2017

Objective To analyze the spectrum of cardiovascular disease and its variation trend among inpatients in Lanzhou from 2014 to 2017. Methods The data of 115 805 inpatients of cardiovascular in Lanzhou during 2014 to 2017 were collected from the database of disease spectrum in Gansu province. The composition and order of disease spectrum in different gender and age groups were analyzed according to the cardiovascular disease classification. Results Out of the115 805 patients, male and female patients accounted for 57.34% and 42.66%, respectively. The top five cardiovascular diseases were coronary heart disease, hypertension, hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease, ischemic cerebrovascular disease,cardiac conduction disease and arrhythmia in order. There were statistical differences(P<0.05) between the male and female in coronary heart disease(χ~2=49.871), other cerebrovascular disease(χ~2=9.143), congenital heart disease(χ~2=14.513),peripheral vascular disease(χ~2=10.740), chronic rheumatic heart disease(χ~2=47.360), cardiomyopathy(χ~2=8.506), cardiac failure and other ischemic heart disease(χ~2=28.657). The difference among age groups was statistical(all P<0.05) in all other cardiovascular diseases, except for pericardial disease. Conclusions The sequence of cardiovascular diseases were coronary heart disease, hypertension, hemorrhagic and ischemic cerebrovascular disease, etc. The coronary heart disease,hypertension and hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease are the main reseason for patients of cardiovascular disease to be hospitalized, and the proportion of these diseases is the highest in the population over 45 years old. Therefore, the cardiovascular diseases mentioned above should be focused for the prevention and control.