儿童体外膜肺氧合呼吸支持技术

重症呼吸系统疾病是体外膜肺氧合(extracorporeal membrane oxygenation,ECMO)最主要的一组治疗群体.ECMO通过体外氧合器使患者不依赖肺就能获得足够的血气交换,满足生命代谢需要.ECMO呼吸支持应用的基本指征是患者经ECMO以外所有治疗无效,且病情具有潜在可恢复性.除抗凝禁忌及技术可及性外,ECMO对年龄及病种没有特殊要求.ECMO呼吸支持治疗首选VV模式,对伴有循环障碍者可选VA模式.ECMO可以帮助患者度过疾病危重期,为治疗及病情恢复提供时间和空间.ECMO的治疗结局受到原发病可逆性及不同病种等多种因素影响.

Respiratory support of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in children

Patients with respiratory crisis occupied a large numbers in extracorporeal membrane oxy-genation(ECMO) group. ECMO is able to give a plenty amount of gas exchange for body essential metabolic needs by ECMO oxygenator whoever the lungs are of function or not. The key indications for respiratory ECMO are that the patient had no response to all medical treatment except ECMO,and the origin cause of the disease is potentially recoverable. Besides the contraindications and accessibility, ECMO has no special settings among the different ages or cause of diseases. The VV-ECMO is preferred for respiratory support. VA-ECMO should be considered if cardiovascular failure exists. ECMO may offer a powerful respiratory support to patient with critically ill conditions until recovery. The outcomes are influenced by some factors including the reversibility and the cause of diseases.