海南省护理人员对抗肿瘤药物应用防护认知现状调查

目的：了解海南省二级及以上医院护理人员对抗肿瘤药物应用防护认知现状及其影响因素，为规范职业防护行为提供依据。方法参考美国职业安全健康管理局(OSHA)抗肿瘤药物的使用和防护要求及国内外相关文献，自行设计护理人员抗肿瘤药物应用防护调查问卷，采用多阶段随机抽样方法，选择海南省二级及以上医院接触抗肿瘤药物科室的1200名护理人员，于2015年11月1日开始进行问卷调查。结果问卷调查1200名护理人员，有效问卷1107份，有效率为92.3%，其中三级甲等医院735名，二级甲等医院372名。66.1%(732/1107)的护理人员没学过或只学过一点防护知识；不同年龄、护龄、接触抗肿瘤药物年限、学历、职称的护理人员的认知状况比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)；护理人员认知状况的首要影响因素是接触抗肿瘤药物年限(β=0.128)，其次为学历(β=0.086)和暴露情况(β=0.078)。结论要加强护理人员接触抗肿瘤药物的职业防护培训，建立抗肿瘤药物防护制度，并针对其影响因素采取必要的措施，提高护理人员的职业防护意识。

Survey of cognition of nursing staff about occupational protection on anti-tumor drugs in Hainan Province

Objective To investigate the cognition and its associated factors among nursing staff working in tu-mor-related departments in Second-level and above hospitals of Hainan, so as to provide reference for standardization of occupational protection. Methods Taking the uses of anti-tumor drugs and protection requirements of the US Occupa-tional Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and related literature as the reference, a questionnaire was designed and conducted on 1 200 nurses in oncology related departments by using multi-stage random sampling method since Novem-ber 1, 2015. Results A total of 1 107 valid questionnaires were returned by 92.3% nurses, including 735 nurses in Third-level Grade-A hospital and 372 nurses in Second-level Grade-A hospital. Results showed that 66.1%(732/1 107) nursing staff never learned or just learned a little protection knowledge. There were statistically significant differences among nursing staff with different age, number of years in nursing, number of years in contacting anti-tumor drugs, edu-cation background and professional title in cognition status (P<0.05). The main influencing factors of the cognition sta-tus of nursing staff were the number of years in contacting anti-tumor drugs (β=0.128), education background (β=0.086) and exposure (β=0.078). Conclusion We should strength the occupational protection training in nursing staff that con-tact anti-tumor drugs, and establish the protection system for anti-tumor drugs. Meanwhile, we also should take the nec-essary measures against its influencing factors, and raise the awareness of occupational protection of nursing staff.