中国优秀跳水运动员大脑机能监控研究

目的 :把握跳水运动员在大赛前训练时的神经机能情况与训练水平。方法 :利用脑电图和脑地形图技术对中国跳水运动员进行训练监控。结果 :2次对 11名主力队员进行脑功能检测 ,表象竞赛时自选动作的大脑唤醒水平值 (43 79± 2 96 )略高于规定动作 (42 37± 2 2 6 ) ,自选动作能量比值 (1 74 9± 0 373)亦略高于规定动作 (1 6 32± 0 36 4) ,其中 ,女运动员第 2次检测时自选动作的大脑唤醒水平值明显高于规定动作。结论 :(1)脑功能检测结果表明 ,女运动员神经机能状态略优于男队员 ,而男运动员中有 2名已处于紧张状态。 (2 )与其他项目 ,如乒乓球、短道速滑等相比 ,优秀跳水运动员大脑唤醒水平 (兴奋性 )值相同 ,但能量比值较低 ,可能是跳水项目的特点。

Research on Brain Function of Chinese Elite Divers

Objective To supervise the divers' competitive status. Methods The brain bioelectrical activity of 11 elite athletes in the State Diving Team were monitored twice before Athens Olympic Games by means of electroencephalogram (EEG), brain electrical activity mapping (BEAM) and compressed spectral array (CSA). Results In diving team, both the α restrained percentage and the energy ratio of optional dive were higher than that of compulsory dive (43.79±2.96 vs. 42.37±2.26,P>0.05; 1.749±0.373 vs 1.632±0.364, P>0.05, respectively). Moreover, in the female athletes, α restrained percentage of optional dive was significantly higher than that of compulsory dive in the second test. These data indicated the optional dive could arouse the athletes' excitability and potential. It was probably relevant to the different difficult coefficient between the two motions and was the characteristic of brain function of the divers. Conclusion (1) The female athletes surpassed the male athletes in competitive status; and 2 male athletes were under overtension. (2) Compared with other sports, such as table tennis, figure skating, α restrained percentage in the diving athletes was almost the same; however, the energy ratio was lower. It probably reflected the characteristics of divers' brain function.