孕期铅暴露对子代大鼠情感行为及学习记忆变化的实验研究

【目的】 探讨孕期铅暴露对子代大鼠情感行为及学习记忆能力的影响。【方法】 通过孕鼠自由饮用0.1%及0.2%醋酸铅溶液的方法建立模型,其雄性子代分别为低剂量铅暴露组(LG)及高剂量铅暴露组(HG),同时设立正常对照组(NG),每组9~12只大鼠。子代大鼠出生后30日龄分别进行旷场试验(open field test,OFT)、避暗试验(passive avoidance test,PAT)以及Morris水迷宫(Morris water maze,MWM)试验,观察各组实验动物情感行为及学习记忆能力的改变。【结果】 孕期铅暴露子代大鼠在OFT中穿格得分分值降低(36.48±7.24)(F=11.65,P<0.01),后肢性站立的次数减少(10.61±3.54)(F=9.49,P<0.01),排出粪便粒数增多(19.42±3.46)(F=7.27,P<0.01),提示孕期铅暴露可使子代大鼠情感行为受到损害(P<0.01)。在PAT中,孕期铅暴露子代大鼠犯错次数增加(10.38±1.89)(F=8.69,P<0.01)且记忆潜伏期缩短(176.41±41.89)s](F=6.48,P<0.01),提示孕期铅暴露可使子代大鼠短期学习记忆能力受损(P<0.01)。Morris水迷宫试验发现孕期铅暴露子代大鼠搜寻站台的逃逸潜伏期明显延长(F=4.61,P<0.05),搜寻策略明显变差(χ²=41.89,P<0.01),站台区域搜寻时间缩短(F=6.32,P<0.01),穿越站台区域次数减少(F=7.13,P<0.01)。提示孕期铅暴露可使子代大鼠空间学习记忆能力受损(P<0.01)。【结论】 孕期铅暴露损害子代大鼠的情感行为和学习记忆能力。

Experimental study of the effects of lead exposure of pregnant rat on emotion,behavior,learning and memory in filial rats

【Objective】 To explore the effects of lead exposure of pregnant rat on emotion,behavior,learning and memory in filial rats.【Methods】 Female pregnant Spraque-Dawley(SD) rats were divided into low dose lead exposure group(LG) and high dose lead exposure group(HG) by drinking 0.1% or 0.2% lead acetate dissolved by three distilled water,the normal control group(NG) pregnant rats drank three distilled water.With open field test(OFT),passive avoidance test(PAT) and Morris water maze(MWM) test,the varieties of emotion,behavior,learning and memory were observed in 9~12 male filial rats from HG,LG or NG group.【Results】 In OFT,the scores of running across squares decreased(36.48±7.24)(F=11.65,P<0.01),the times of standing up by hind legs declined(10.61±3.54)(F=9.49,P<0.01) and the number of dung increased(19.42±3.46)(F=7.27,P<0.01) in filial rats with lead exposure of mother pregnant rats.The results implied that lead exposure of pregnant rat can impair the emotion and behavior in their filial rats.In PAT,increasing times of mistakes(10.38±1.89)(F=8.69,P<0.01) and shortening memory latency (176.41±41.89)s](F=6.48,P<0.01) were found in lead exposure filial rats.The data suggested that lead exposure of pregnant rat can impair the immediate learning and memory in their filial rats.In Morris water maze test,the prolonged escape latencies of searching the platform(F=4.61,P<0.05),the poor searching strategy(χ2=41.89,P<0.01),the short duration of searching in the platform area(F=6.32,P<0.01) and low frequency swimming above the platform(F=7.13,P<0.01) were found in lead exposure filial rats.The data showed lead exposure of pregnant rat can impair the spatial learning and memory in their filial rats.【Conclusion】 Lead exposure of pregnant rat can impair emotion,behavior,learning and memory in filial rats.