体外震波在股骨头坏死中的应用研究进展

体外震波（extracorporealshockwave，ESW）作为声波的一种，是一种有效的力学刺激，通过解压缩和压缩（疏密）的交替介质传播，发挥空化作用、拉伸力以及剪切力而达到对组织细胞的无损伤机械刺激，激活组织细胞的自愈机制，按其不同的冲击波源分为液电式、电磁式和压电式1]。20世纪80年代中期，一些学者在动物实验中，发现ESW可促进成骨细胞的成骨作用，于是开始将ESWT应用在治疗肌肉骨骼疾病中。

Application of extracorporeal shock wave in the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head

Extracorporeal shock wave （ ESW ） is a special form of sound wave, which is also an effective mechanical stimulation. Through the communication of alternate media of decompression and compression （ density ）, the mechanical stimulation of tissue cells can be achieved without damage by the cavitation effect, tensile strength and shear force of ESW. And then the self-healing mechanism of tissue cells will be activated. A great deal of research on the action mechanism of ESW by the scholars at home and abroad revealed that new application prospects for ESW has been viewed in the prevention and treatment of ischemic diseases. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head （ ONFH ）, which is also called ischemic necrosis of the femoral head, is a common and refractory disease in the field of orthopedics with the results of structural changes, collapse and functional disorders of the femoral head due to the death of bone tissues and marrow and the subsequent repair caused by the interrupted blood supply. The new non-invasive method of extracorporeal shock wave treatment （ ESWT ） rises in the field of orthopedics, which is superior to the traditional surgical method in the treatment of some orthopedic and soft-tissue disorders. This new ESWT therapy for ONFH are carried out in many domestic and foreign medical institutions, and the basic and clinical progress is summarized in this paper.