1975~1990年宜昌市新生儿破伤风的危险因素及防制对策初探

以宜昌市1975~1990年21例新生儿破伤风死亡病例为对象,进行新生儿破伤风危险因素的病例对照研究。研究表明新生儿破伤风监测及防制对策重点在农村郊区。同时对育龄妇女及母婴破伤风抗体水平测定,育龄妇女保护率为3.75%,GMT为0.0014IU/ml,表明我市育龄妇女破伤风免疫水平是很低的;母婴破伤风抗体垂直传递呈明显的正相关(r=0.7096,P<0.0005)。儿童破伤风免疫成功率为100%。为了在1995年全球根除新生儿破伤风,建议我市从总体上加强EPI,促进妇幼卫生计划和初级卫生保健的发展来达到消灭新生儿破伤风的目标。

A Study on Risk Factors and Control of Neonatal Tetanus During 1975~1990 in Yichang City

Retrospective survey on the mortality of 21 cases of neonatal tetanus during 1975~1990 and their case-control study on death risk factors were reported in Yichang City. Surveillance and control of neonatal tetanus were emphysized on suburbs. Serological survey of tetanus antibody in women aged 15 to 40 and mothers and their newborn babies were carried out. The protective rate was 3.75% (GMT=0.0014IU/ml). The result showed that tetanus antibody in the women of childbearing age was at the lowest level. There was a significant positive correlation through vertical transmission between mothers and their newborn babies (r=0.7096, P<0.0005). And the successful immunization in 65 pairs of children was 100%. It was suggested that we should consolidate EPI and promote maternal and child health plan and a primary-heath-care program in Yichang City.