中国成年职业人群身体活动水平与代谢综合征的关系

目的:分析我国成年职业人群身体活动水平与代谢综合征的关系,为制定慢性病的预防和控制策略提供科学依据。方法:使用"2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查"的数据进行分析(21834人),其中的身体活动信息采用一年回顾性体力活动问卷进行收集。将身体活动水平(physical activity level,PAL)分为四级:久坐少动;活动较少;活动充分;活动活跃。以BMI≥24kg/m2为超重肥胖。利用国际糖尿病联盟(IDF)2005年的标准定义代谢综合征。采用Logistic模型,控制年龄、性别、地区、家庭收入、吸烟、饮酒和膳食脂肪摄入量后,分析身体活动对代谢综合征的影响。结果:身体活动水平为久坐少动、活动较少、活动充分和活动活跃者的代谢综合征粗发生率分别为7.2%、5.2%、4.2%、4.0%,其中腹型肥胖粗发生率分别为21.3%、20.1%、17.7%、16.4%,高甘油三酯血症粗发生率分别为16.1%、11.6%、11.6%、10.4%,低高密度脂蛋白血症粗发生率分别为13.4%、13.5%、12.9%、14.8%,高血压粗发生率分别为26.3%、23.7%、26.8%、24.8%,糖尿病粗发生率分别为6.9%、6.0%、5.2%、5.0%。控制其他因素后,随着身体活动水平的增加,代谢综合征发生的危险性降低。与身体活动水平为久坐少动者相比,活动较少者、活动充分者和活动活跃者发生代谢综合征的危险性分别降低了36%、44%、47%。高收入、饮酒、高脂肪饮食和低身体活动水平均为代谢综合征的独立危险因素。结论:身体活动水平是影响我国职业人群代谢综合征的一个独立的危险因素,久坐少动的大城市高收入中年饮酒男性是高危人群。

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND METABOLIC SYNDROME AMONG PROFESSIONALS IN CHINA

Objective:To study the effect of physical activity level on metabolic syndrome among Chinese professionals,to provide scientific basis for developing intervention and prevention strategies for chronic diseases. Method:The data were from "China National Nutrition and Health Survey 2002". Physical activity level(PAL) was classified to four categories(PAL 1.00～1.39:sedentary;PAL 1.40～1.59:low active;PAL 1.60～1.89:active;PAL 1.90～2.50:very active) . Metabolic syndrome was defined according to International Diabetes Federation 2005. Logistic model was used to analyze the influence of physical activity on metabolic syndrome after adjusting the relative effect of age,sex,region,family economic level,smoking,drinking and dietary fat. Results:The crude prevalence of metabolic syndrome in sedentary,lowactive,active and very active groups was 7.2%,5.2%,4.2% and 4.0% respectively. Specifically,the crude prevalence of abdominal obesity was 21.3%,20.1%,17.7% and 16.4%;higher TG was 6.1%,11.6%,11.6% and 10.4%;lower HDL was 13.4%,13.5%,12.9% and 14.8%;hypertension was 26.3%,23.7%,26.8% and 24.8%;diabetes was 6.9%,6.0%,5.2% and 5.0% in sedentary,low active,active and very active groups respectively. After adjusting the effect of other risk factors,the higher the physical activity level,the lower was the relative risk of metabolic syndrome. Compared to the sedentary group,the relative risk of overweight and obesity decreased 36%,44% and 47% in low active,active and very active groups respectively. High economic level,drinking and dietary fat intakes were also independent factors increasing the risk of metabolic syndrome. Conclusion:Physical activity level was an independent risk factor of metabolic syndrome among professionals in China. The professionals with high risk factors were middle age males living in large cities with high income and drinkings.