长沙县农村育龄妇女增补叶酸现状及其影响因素

目的了解长沙县农村育龄妇女叶酸的增补现状及其影响因素,为促进增补叶酸预防神经管缺陷项目的实施提供参考。方法于2012年4月采用二阶段完全随机抽样方法对长沙县406名育龄妇女进行问卷调查,了解育龄妇女叶酸的知晓和服用情况,采用Logistic回归分析育龄妇女叶酸孕前服用和叶酸服用依从的影响因素。结果育龄妇女叶酸知晓率为19.9%,叶酸服用率为74.8%,叶酸服用依从率为20.4%,三者均未达到叶酸增补项目的总目标(P0.01)。多因素Logistic回归显示,知道叶酸需要持续补充6个月的育龄妇女更为依从(OR=2.559,P=0.001)、孕妇、一年内产妇较计划怀孕育龄妇女(孕妇OR=3.159,P=0.006;一年内产妇OR=5.535,P0.001)及曾接受过叶酸教育的育龄妇女叶酸服用依从性佳(OR=3.645,P0.001)。结论长沙县育龄妇女叶酸知晓率、服用率和依从率较低。应加强对育龄妇女叶酸预防神经管缺陷的宣传教育,并保证叶酸知识能够被育龄妇女接受。

The current situation of folic acid supplementation and its influencing factors among rural women of child-bearing age in Changsha County

Objective To explore the awareness, intake and compliance of folic acid and their influencing factors among rural child - bearing age women in Changsha County so as to provide reference for promoting folic acid supplementation and implement- ing the neutral tube defects prevention project. Methods With two - stage random sampling method, 406 child - bearing age women were selected from Changsha County in April 2012 to conduct questionnaire surveys on knowledge, intake and compliance of folic acid. Logistic regression analysis was performed to study the factors affecting folic acid intake before pregnancy and com- pliance of folic acid intake. Results The awareness rate, the intake rate and the intake compliance rate of folic acid among the women were 19.9 %, 74.8 % and 20.4 % respectively, none of which achieved the total goals of folic acid supplementation （P〈 0.01）. Multiple factor Logistic regression analysis indicated that the protective factors for folic acid intake compliance were knowing 6 successive months folic acid supplementation （ OR = 2. 559, P = 0. 001 ）, being pregnant （ OR = 3. 159, P = 0.006）, giving birth within 1 year （OR =5.535, P〈0.001） and receiving health education about folic acid （OR =3.645, P 〈 0. 001）. Conclusions The awareness rate, intake rate and intake compliance rate of folic acid remain low among child- bearing age women in Changsha County. It is necessary to reinforce health education concerning folic acid preventing neutral tube defects so as to ensure the target population receiving information directly.