我国长寿地区高龄老人血浆微量元素水平调查分析

目的 了解我国5个长寿地区高龄老人血浆硒、锰、铁、铜、锌微量元素含量水平及差异.方法 检测我国河南省夏邑县(110名)、湖北省钟祥市(111名)、湖南省麻阳县(60名)、广东省三水区(113名)、广西永福县(52名)5个长寿地区共446名高龄老人血浆硒、锰、铁、铜、锌微量元素含量,其中100～岁组208名,90～岁组238名,并比较不同性别、不同地区和不同年龄组微量元素含量的差异.结果 高龄老人血浆微量元素含量用中位数(四分位数间距)表示,硒为1.44(0.91)μmol/L,锰为0.54(0.94)μmol/L,铁为69.17(102.85)μmol/L,铜为20.19(8.73)μmol/L,锌为31.66(32.51)μmol/L.夏邑、钟祥、麻阳、三水、永福地区高龄老人血浆硒分别为1.46(0.66)、1.30(0.80)、1.06(0.51)、2.39(1.53)、1.35(0.55)μmol/L,锰分别为0.56(0.51)、1.40(1.11)、0.35(0.71)、0.44(0.55)、0.15(0.21)μmol/L,铁分别为86.77(86.87)、141.42(101.83)、38.88(36.28)、31.38(46.19)、79.64(75.34)μmol/L,铜分别为22.16(8.11)、19.46(9.26)、21.36(12.38)、18.12(6.74)、21.47(7.85)μmol/L,锌分别为36.85(26.18)、36.59(35.94)、39.98(56.91)、25.05(24.92)、16.74(16.81)μmol/L,不同地区微量元素含量差异有统计学意义(F值依次为29.76、38.75、47.18、11.51、13.47,P值均<0.05).不同性别组间血浆硒、锰、铁、铜、锌元素含量男女硒含量分别为1.38(0.83)、1.45(0.91)μmol/L,锰含量分别为0.52(0.95)、0.54(0.91)μmol/L,铁含量分别为69.23(104.06)、69.11(101.05)μmol/L,铜含量分别为20.28(8.72)、20.06(8.76)μmol/L,锌含量分别为28.39(32.58)、31.85(34.26)μmol/L]差异无统计学意义(t_硒=-1.82,P=0.07;t_锰=0.64,P=0.52;t_铁=0.65,P=0.52;t_铜=-1.90,P=0.06;t_锌=-0.96,P=0.34).100～岁组血浆硒、铁、铜含量均高于90～岁组硒分别为1.63(0.94)、1.30(0.82)μmol/L,铁分别为112.63(119.78)、60.13(58.43)μmol/L,铜分别为21.07(9.03)、18.81(8.86)μmol/L,F值依次为41.99、27.32、24.45,P值均小于0.01],血浆锰含量低于90～岁组分别为0.44(0.76)、0.64(0.93)μmol/L,F=10.76,P<0.01],血浆锌含量差异无统计学意义分别为3I.78(34.06)、31.11(33.85)μmol/L,F=1.32,P=0.25].结论 长寿地区高龄老人血浆硒、锰、铁、铜、锌微量元素含量水平较高,血浆硒、铁、铜含量随年龄增长而增加.

Investigation and analysis of plasma trace elements of oldest elderly in longevity areas in China

Objective To investigate the levels and differences of plasma selenium, manganese, iron,copper,zinc among oldest elderly in longevity areas in China. Methods 446 oldest elderly including 208 centenarians,238 aged 90 and over, who lived in Xiayi county of Henan province(110 persons), Zhongxiang city of Hubei province(111 persons), Mayang county of Hunan province (60 persons), Sanshui district of Guangdong province (113 persons), Yongfu county of Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region (52 persons) in China, were selected. The contents of plasma selenium, manganese, iron, copper, zinc were detected and compared among these elderly who were classified into different genders,different regions and different age groups. Results In oldest elderly, the median (inter-quartile range) of content of plasma selenium was I. 44 (0. 91) μmol/L, content of manganese was 0. 54 (0. 94) μmol/L, content of iron was 69. 17(102. 85) μmol/L, content of copper was 20. 19(8.73)μmol/L,eontent of zinc was 31.66(32. 51) μmol/L. Contents of plasma selenium of oldest elderly in Xiayi, Zhongxiang, Mayang, Sanshui, Yongfu region were 1.46(0.66),1.30(0.80),1.06(0.51) ,2. 39(1.53) and 1.35(0.55) μmol/L; contents of plasma manganese were 0. 56 (0. 51), 1. 40 (1. 11), 0. 35 (0. 71), 0. 44 (0. 55) and 0. 15 (0. 21) μmol/L; contents of plasma iron were 86. 77(86. 87) ,141.42(101.83) ,38.88(36. 28) ,31.38(46. 19) and 79.64(75.34) μmol/L;contents of plasma copper were 22. 16(8. 11) ,19. 46(9.26) ,21.36(12. 38), 18. 12(6. 74) and 21.47(7. 85) μmol/L;contents of plasma zinc were 36. 85(26. 18) ,36. 59(35.94) ,39. 98(56. 91) ,25.05 (24.92) and 16. 74(16. 81) μmol/L. Contents of plasma trace elements among oldest elderly in different longevity areas were significantly different(F values were 29.76,38. 75,47. 18,11. 51 and 13.47, P values were all less than 0. 05). Contents of plasma trace elements in different gender groups (contents of plasma selenium were 1. 38 (0. 83)μmol/L in male and 1.45 (0. 91) μmol/L in female; contents of plasma manganese were 0. 52(0. 95) and 0. 54(0. 91) μmol/L;contents of plasma iron were 69.23(104. 06) and 69. 11 (101. 05) μmol/L; contents of plasma copper were 20. 28 (8. 72) and 20. 06 (8. 76) μmol/L; contents of plasma zinc were 28. 39 (32. 58) and 31.85 (34. 26) μmol/L) were not significantly different (t_(Se) = -1. 82,P=0.07;t_(Mn) =0.64,P=0. 52;t_(Fe) =0. 65,P= 0.52;t_(Cu) = - 1.90,P= 0.06;t_(Zn)= -0.96,P= 0. 34). The contents of plasma selenium, iron, copper in centenarians were higher than those aged 90 and over (contents of plasma selenium were 1. 63 (0. 94) μmol/L and 1. 30 (0. 82) μmol/L, contents of plasma iron were 112.63(119. 78) and 60. 13(58.43) μmol/L,contents of plasma copper were 21.07(9.03)and 18. 81 (8. 86) μmol/L, F value were 41.99,27.32,24. 45, P values were less than 0. 01). Content of plasma manganese in centenarians was lower than those aged 90 and over (0. 44(0. 76)and 0. 64(0. 93) μmol/L, F = 10. 76, P < 0. 01). No significant differences were detected in plasma zinc between concentration and those aged 90 and over (31.78 (34. 06) and 31. 11 (33. 85) μmol/L; F = 1. 32, P = 0. 25). Conclusion The concentrations of plasma selenium, manganese, iron, copper and zinc were high in oldest elderly in the longevity areas. The contents of plasma selenium, iron, copper increased with age.