儿童骨髓增生异常综合征分子生物学研究进展

儿童骨髓增生异常综合征（myelodysplastic syndrome, MDS）与成人 MDS 相比具有不同的分子生物学特征，一些常见的髓系肿瘤突变在儿童 MDS 中的发生率较成人患者低，而异常甲基化的发生与成人患者相似。另外，新的分子学因素如线粒体 DNA 突变在儿童 MDS 发病中的作用值得注意。该文总结了近年来关于儿童 MDS 分子生物学方面的研究现状。

Research progress in molecular biology of pediatric myelodysplastic syndrome

Marked differences have been found in molecular characteristics between pediatric and adult myelodysplastic syndrome（MDS) patients. The incidence of gene mutations associated with myeloid malignances in pediatric patients is lower than in adults, while the incidence of aberrant methylation is similar between them. It is also worth noting that novel molecular factors such as mitochondrial DNA mutations may play a role in the pathogenesis of childhood MDS. This article summarizes research advances in molecular biology of pediatric MDS.