糖尿病合并高血压患者下肢动脉硬化斑块的超声特征分析

目的：研究糖尿病合并高血压患者下肢动脉硬化病变斑块形成的超声特征。方法采用彩色多普勒超声显像（CDFI）分别评估212例下肢动脉硬化闭塞患者，分为单纯性糖尿病组（A组）、糖尿病合并高血压组（B组）、单纯性高血压组（C组），分析3组患者之间下肢动脉硬化斑块分布情况（斑块检出率）、病变范围、斑块性质，动脉管壁及彩色血流充盈特点，观察3组患者下肢动脉粥样硬化性病变的差异。结果 B组斑块检出率高于A组与C组；A组与B组斑块主要累及膝关节以下小动脉，C组主要见于膝关节以上大中动脉；A组患者血管内斑块性质以硬斑为主，B组与C组患者血管内斑块性质以混合型斑块为主；膝关节平面以上动脉病变中，3组均以混合型斑块为主；膝关节平面以下动脉斑块中，A组以硬斑为主，B组混合斑为主，C组以软斑为主。结论糖尿病合并高血压患者下肢动脉硬化斑块病变的发生率增高，彩色多普勒超声对下肢动脉硬化血管病变具有重要的诊断价值。

Characteristics of the lower limb atherosclerosis in diabetic patients complicated with hypertension evaluated by Color Doppler flow imaging

ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics of plagues formed in the lower limb arteries of diabetic patients complicated with hypertension.Methods212 patients with lower limb atherosclerosis were divided into three groups:diabetes group(group A,89 cases)、diabetes complicated with hypertension group(group B,57 cases)、hypertension group(group C,55 cases).The distribution(plaque detecting rate)、extent and quality of plaques of each group were evaluated respectively by using Color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI). All cases were taking color Doppler flow imaging to observed the characteristics of the wall and blood flow of lower extremity arteries .ResultsThe detection rates of plaques in group B was higher than those in group A and group C. In large arteries above the knee,the plaques in three groups were mainly mixed plagues .The detecting rate of plaques inside small arteries below the knee was significantly higher in group A and B than that in group C,and plaques in former were hard,and in the middle were mixed,while in the latter were soft.ConclusionDiabetes accompanied with hypertension may increase the incident of the lower limb atherosclerosis plaque formation; CDFI is of significant value in detecting and diagnosing the lower limb atherosclerosis.