四川某医学院校实习生的职业倦怠与社会支持、应付方式的相关性调研

目的 探讨四川某医学院校实习生的职业倦怠与社会支持、应付方式的相关性,为预防医学院校实习生的职业倦怠提供依据。 方法 采用MBI-GS职业倦怠问卷、SSRR社会支持评定量表和CSQ应付方式问卷及自行设计的一般情况量表对某高校356名实习生进行随机抽样调查,并对数据进行统计分析。 结果 本次调查职业倦怠检出率为73.0%(260人),其中轻度倦怠占57.0%(203人),中度倦怠占14.6%(52人),重度倦怠占1.4%(5人)。性别、实习的工作量、专业、医院类型、带习老师对学生的态度、对医学的兴趣均为影响职业倦怠的因素(P<0.05);性别、实习的工作量、带习老师对学生态度、娱乐方式均为影响社会支持的因素(P<0.05);性别、实习工作量、专业、医院类型、家庭条件、对医学的兴趣、带习老师对学生的态度、实习态度均为影响应付方式的因素(P<0.05)。职业倦怠程度及其余各维度与社会支持及其各维度呈相关性极弱的负相关(-0.4<r<-0.0,P<0.01或0.05),解决问题与倦怠程度呈中等程度负相关(-0.6<r<-0.4,P<0.01),与社会支持呈中等程度正相关(0.4<r<0.6,P<0.01)。 结论 医学实习生职业倦怠率较高,其与社会支持、应付方式相关,相关部门应予以高度重视。

Correlation of occupational burnout with social support and copying style among interns of a medical college in Sichuan

Objective To explore the relationship between occupational burnout and social support, coping style in interns of a medical college in Sichuan so as to provide evidence for preventing medical interns’ job burnout. Methods MBI-GS job burnout questionnaire, SSRS Social Support Rating Scale, CSQ Coping Style Questionnaire and self-designed basic information questionnaire were used to investigate 396 interns selected by a random sampling method in a medical college, and the data were statistically analyzed. Results The detection rate of occupational burnout in this survey was 73.0% (n=260), of which mild, moderate and severe burnout accounted for 57.0% (n=203), 14.6% (n=52) and 1.4% (n=5). Sex, practice workload, major, hospital type, teachers’ attitude toward students and interest in medicine were the factors influencing occupational burnout (P<0.05). Sex, practice workload, teachers’ attitude toward students and ways of entertainment were the factors influencing social support (P<0.05). Sex, practice workload, major, hospital type, living condition of family, interest in medicine, teachers’ attitude toward students and interns’ attitude were the factors influencing coping style (P<0.05). The degree of occupational burnout and each of its dimensions were very weakly negatively correlated with social support and each of its dimensions (-0.4<r<-0.0, P<0.01 or 0.05). Solving problems was moderately negatively correlated with the degree of occupational burnout (-0.6<r<-0.4, P<0.01), but moderately positively correlated with social support (0.4<r<0.6, P<0.01). Conclusions The rate of occupational burnout of medical interns is high and related to social support and coping style; and hence, the relevant departments should pay special attention to it.