集成综合评价法在农村环境卫生质量评价中的应用研究

目的 评价农村环境卫生质量,探索主成分分析法和熵值法相结合的综合评价方法,为提高评价结果的准确度和客观反映福建省农村环境卫生现状提供参考依据。 方法 分别采用主成分分析法、熵值法和集成综合评价法对福建省19个县农村环境卫生质量进行综合评价。 结果 主成分分析法提取的3个主成分累计方差贡献率为87.14%,其中第1主成分与农村户厕卫生状况密切相关,第2主成分与农村病媒生物状况密切相关,第3主成分与农村供水卫生状况密切相关;熵值法确定的指标权重显示,供水卫生及病媒生物指标在农村环境卫生质量评价中占据相对重要的位置;集成综合评价法综合得分显示闽南沿海经济发达地区环境卫生质量优于闽北经济欠发达地区。 结论 主成分分析法和熵值法对福建省农村环境卫生质量的评价结论具有一致性,将两种评价法相结合进行综合评价能起到优势互补的效果,并可以对农村环境卫生质量及存在的问题做出客观、科学的综合判断,为有关部门科学制定改善农村环境卫生对策和措施提供科学指导。

Application of integrated comprehensive evaluation method in assessing the quality of rural environmental health

Objective To appraise the quality of rural environmental health, to explore the comprehensive evaluation method based on principal component analysis method combined with entropy method, and to provide a reference basis for improving the precision of evaluation results andObjectively reflecting the current situation of rural environmental health in Fujian Province. Methods Principal component analysis method, entropy method and integrated comprehensive evaluation method were independently used to comprehensively assess the quality of rural environmental health in 19 counties, Fujian Province. Results The cumulative variance contribution rate of the extracted 3 principal components in principal component analysis method was 87.14% of which the first component was closely related to the rural household latrine hygiene, the second to the status of rural vector organisms, and the third to the status of rural water supply sanitation. The index weight confirmed by entropy method revealed that water supply sanitation and vector organisms occupied an important position in evaluating the quality of rural environmental health. The synthetic scores of integrated comprehensive evaluation revealed that the rural environmental health quality of the economical developed coastal areas in southern Fujian Province was superior to that of the economic undeveloped areas in northern Fujian Province. Conclusions There was consistency in the appraisal conclusions of the rural environmental health quality between principal component analysis method and entropy method. The combination of the above-mentioned 2 methods can play the role of complementary advantages and make anObjective, scientific and synthetic judgment on the quality of rural environmental health and the existing problems so as to provide scientific guidance for the relevant departments to develop the improvement measures for rural environmental health.