老年和中青年院内获得性肺炎的临床比较分析

目的 探讨老年院内获得性肺炎的临床特征，并与中青年同类病变的进行比较。方法 用回顾性方法收集临床确诊的老年院内肺炎67例，分析其病原分布及临床特点，并与67例青壮年组肺炎进行比较。结果 老年肺炎的病原体中细菌31例（46％），支原体或衣原体6例（9％），病毒感染7例（10％），结核9例（13％），其他少见病原体或不明原因14例（22％）。而青壮年组的病原分布为：细菌47例（70％），病毒感染10例（15％），结核10例（15％）。老年组临床特点主要是基础疾病多、诱发因素多、住院时间长、合并用抗生素显著多于青壮年组（P〈0．05）。结论 老年院内获得性肺炎的病原分布和临床特点与青壮年肺炎不同，掌握老年院内肺炎的特点有助于及时救治，提高生存率。

Clinical comparative study of hospital acquired pneumonia between elderly and young adult patients

Objective To explore the characteristics of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in elderly and in young adult patients. Methods Medical data were reviewed and compared between 67 confirmed elderly and 67 young adult HAP patients. Both clinical and etiological characteristics were studied. Results The pathogens in the elderly group included bacteria (31 cases, 46%), chlamydia or mycoplasma (6 cases, 9%), virus (7 cases, 10%), tuberculosis (9 cases, 13%), and unknown pathogen (14 cases, 22%). In the HAP young adult group, the pathogens included bacteria (47,70%), virus (10, 15%), and tuberculosis (10, 15%). Compared to the young adult group, the elderly group had more underlying diseases, more induced factors related to the disease, longer hospital-stay, and more antibiotic medication use prior to the treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion The clinical features and pathogens of HAP are different between the elderly and young adult HAP patients. It is very important to understand the characteristics of HAP in the elderly in order to improve the outcome of the treatment.