Common hereditary cancer syndromes

OBJECTIVES: To review cancer risk assessment and counseling, hereditary cancer syndrome risk factors, indicators for cancer predisposition testing, and interpretation of genetic test results. DATA SOURCES: Research studies, review articles, and authors' experience. CONCLUSION: Approximately 10% of those with a diagnosis of cancer may have a hereditary predisposition. In many cases genetic testing for susceptibility genes may be available. Knowledge of the results of genetic testing can be helpful when developing a plan for cancer prevention and early detection, and addressing concerns associated with genetic testing with the individual and family. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Nurses need to know how to access genetic resources and to identify, evaluate, and care for patients and families at risk of or diagnosed with common hereditary cancer syndromes.