医学新生心理健康状况调查

目的 评价宁夏医学院新生的心理健康状况,为学生心理健康教育提供科学依据.方法 采用心理自评量表（SCL-90）对宁夏医学院2004级1509名新生进行测试.结果 心理问题前三位依次为强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁;研究生、本科生、大专生、中专生各因子分的比较差异均有统计学意义,各因子均分总体趋势由低到高依次是研究生-本科生-中专生-大专生;除躯体化因子外,医学新生各因子分高于全国常模（P＜0.01）;农村学生的各因子分高于城市学生（P＜0.01）,除敌对因子差异无统计学意义外,其余因子间的差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.女生的各因子分高于男生,总均分、躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖因子分的差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.除敌对因子外,非独生子女的各因子分高于独生子女,总均分、强迫、敌对、人际关系、抑郁因子间的差异有统计学意义.父母离异和父母非离异学生各因子分差异无统计学意义;汉族学生和少数民族学生各因子分差异无统计学意义.结论 2004级医学新生自评症状较多,不同教育层次新生具有不同的心理特点,应建立科学的心理健康教育体系,采取有效措施,使新生度过心理问题高发阶段.

Study on Mental Health State of the Freshmen with Different Educational Background

Objective To explore mental health state of the freshmen with different educational background in Ningxia Medical college,and accordingly to offer scientific proof for mental health education of the students.Methods A testing,using self-rating scale SCL-90,was conducted among 1509 freshmen of 2004 in Ningxia Medical college.Results The first three mental problems in order were obligation,human relation sensitivity and depression.All factors in graduate students,undergraduates,junior college students and secondary specialized students had significant differences.The general tendency in average scores of factors was graduate students,undergraduates,junior college students and secondary specialized students from lower to higher.Apart from somatization,the scores of all factors of freshmen were higher than those of national norm(P<0.01).The rural students' scores of all factors were significantly higher than the urban students' ones(P<0.01).Except the hostile factors,the remaining factors all had significant differences.The girls' scores of all factors were higher than the boys'.Scores of the factors concerning total average score,somatization,depression,anxiety and fear had significant differences(P<0.01).Except hostile factors,all the scores of students with siblings were higher than those of single children.Scores of the factors concerning total average score,obligation,hostility,human relation sensitivity and depression had significant differences.No significant differences were found between parents-divorced students and non-parents-divorced students,between han-nationality students and minority students.Conclusion according to mental symptom levels of medical freshmen 2004,measures must be taken to help them overcome their difficulties in the first place.