中国县级疾病预防控制中心效率数据包络分析

目的 评价中国县级疾病预防控制中心(以下简称疾控中心)的效率,并提出优化策略。方法 全国系统抽样选取416个县级样本疾控中心,采用数据包络分析方法(DEA)评价2012年样本机构的总体效率、纯技术效率及规模效率,利用投影分析明确存在的不足。结果 2012年样本疾控中心的总体效率平均为0.505,平均技术效率为0.687, 87.98%的机构规模效益递减;投影分析显示,7个产出指标均存在产出不足,若要达到DEA有效,增加产出幅度前3位的分别是突发公共事件应急处置(188.5%)、健康教育(165.7%)和实验室检验(163.6%)。结论 目前我国县级疾控中心效率偏低,对投入资源的利用尚不充分。政府应调整投入结构,增加人员经费和公用经费的比例,提高资源投入转化为服务产出的效率。

Evaluation on efficiency of centers for disease control and prevention at county-level in China with data envelopment analysis

Objective To assess the efficiency of centers for disease control and prevention(CDCs)at county-level in China and for making strategies to improve the performance of the CDCs.Methods A total of 416 county-level CDCs were selected with systematic sampling.Data envelopment analysis(DEA)framework was used to estimate overall,technical and scale efficiency of the CDCs in 2012 and projection analysis was conducted to identify the difference between projection value and actual value for inputs and outputs.Results The average overall efficiency score of the CDCs was 0.505 and the average technical efficiency score was 0.687.A progressive decrease in return to scale was observed for 87.98%of the CDCs.Projection analysis indicated that 7 categories of outputs were under-produced.To achieve DEA efficiency,public emergency management(188.5%),health education(165.7%),and laboratory tests(163.6%)are the first 3 aspects to be promoted for its output.Conclusion Most county-level CDCs in China are currently operated inefficiently and the utilization of the resources is not sufficient in the CDCs.The proportion of governmental funding to manpower and general expenditure should be increased to promote the output efficiency of resources.