卡培他滨导致低钾血症的临床分析

目的 探讨卡培他滨导致低钾血症的发生率、原因及治疗.方法 回顾性分析大连大学附属新华医院126例接受卡培他滨单药治疗（剂量及用法：每次1 000 ～1 250 mg/m^2,每日2次,口服14 d,停用7d,21 d为1周期）的结直肠癌、胃癌、乳腺癌患者的临床资料,患者用药均超过3个周期,不超过10个周期,查找出其中出现低钾血症的患者,总结分析低钾血症的发生率、原因及治疗方法.结果 126例患者中,低钾血症发生率为14.3％（18/126）,其中卡培他滨间接导致的低钾血症占77.8％（14/18）,卡培他滨直接导致低钾血症占22.2％（4/18）.经过及时的口服或静脉补钾治疗,患者的血钾值均恢复正常,无患者因低钾血症退出化疗.结论 卡培他滨可直接或间接导致低钾血症,临床医生应充分重视该项不良反应.

Reports and document analysis on hypokalemia caused by capecitabine

Objective To discuss the occurrence the reasons and the treatment of the hypokalemia caused by capecitabine.Methods The clinical data of 126 patients with colorectal cancer,stomach cancer and breast cancer in Xin-Hua hospital affliated to Dalian university treated only by Capecitabine （doses and appilication：1 000-1 250 mg/m^2 every time,twice a day,continuing to the fourteenth day,and stopping in 7 days）were retrospectively analyzed,and all patients took Capecitabine more than 3 cycles and less than 10 cycles,then we discovered the patients with hypokalemia,and the occurrence,the reasons and the treatment of the hypokalemia caused by capecitabine were summarized and analyzed.Results The occurrence of the hypokalemia caused by capecitabine was 14.3% （18/126）,and the occurrence of hypokalemia indirectly by capecitabine was 77.8% （14/18）,and the occurrence of hypokalemia directly by capecitabine was 22.2% （4/18）.The serum potassium returned to normality after treatment that potassium was supplemented by oral or intravenous drip,and no patients quited because of hypokalemia.Conclusions Capecitabine can directly lead to hypokalemia and capecitabine can also directly lead to hypokalemia.Doctors should make a point of the hypokalemia caused by capecitabine.