Monoclonal free light chain detection and quantification: Performances and limits of available laboratory assays |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, UOC Gastroenterologia Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy;2. Laboratorio di Patologia Clinica, Ospedale Madre Giuseppina Vannini, Rome, Italy;3. Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy;4. Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy;5. Dipartimento di Scienze di laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy;1. Laboratory Medicine, Basel University Hospital, Petersgraben 4, Basel, CH-4031, Switzerland;2. Medica (Medizinische Laboratorien Dr. F. Kaeppeli AG), Zürich, Switzerland |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
The detection and quantification of immunoglobulin free light chains in serum and urine is recommended for the diagnosis and monitoring of monoclonal gammopathies according to the guidelines of the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG). Several tests are currently available in the clinical laboratory to detect and quantify free light chains but although quality, efficiency, and effectiveness have been improved, the results are still variable and poorly harmonized and standardized. The present review article wants to analyze these aspects, with a keen eye on techniques, such as mass spectrometry, that could replace in the practical clinical laboratory the current methods including Bence-Jones protein assay and free light chain immunoassays. |
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| Keywords: | Free light chains Laboratory methods Electrophoresis Mass spectrometry Monoclonal gammopathy |
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