Real-time motion monitoring improves functional MRI data quality in infants |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;2. Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;3. Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;4. Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;5. Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;6. Data Science and Sharing Team, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20899, USA;7. Institute of Child Development, College of Education and Human Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;8. Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;9. Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;10. Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;11. Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;12. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA |
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| Abstract: | Imaging the infant brain with MRI has improved our understanding of early neurodevelopment. However, head motion during MRI acquisition is detrimental to both functional and structural MRI scan quality. Though infants are typically scanned while asleep, they commonly exhibit motion during scanning causing data loss. Our group has shown that providing MRI technicians with real-time motion estimates via Framewise Integrated Real-Time MRI Monitoring (FIRMM) software helps obtain high-quality, low motion fMRI data. By estimating head motion in real time and displaying motion metrics to the MR technician during an fMRI scan, FIRMM can improve scanning efficiency. Here, we compared average framewise displacement (FD), a proxy for head motion, and the amount of usable fMRI data (FD ≤ 0.2 mm) in infants scanned with (n = 407) and without FIRMM (n = 295). Using a mixed-effects model, we found that the addition of FIRMM to current state-of-the-art infant scanning protocols significantly increased the amount of usable fMRI data acquired per infant, demonstrating its value for research and clinical infant neuroimaging. |
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| Keywords: | Functional MRI Head motion Infant brain Neurodevelopment Neuroimaging |
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