A novel incremental simulation of facial changes following orthognathic surgery using FEM with realistic lip sliding effect |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6560 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA;2. Department of Surgery (Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery), Weill Medical College, Cornell University, 407 E 61st St, New York, NY 10065, USA;3. Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People''s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University College of Medicine, 639 Zhi-Zao-Ju Road, Shanghai 200011, China;4. Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA;1. Department of Advanced Information Technology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan;2. Research Center for Medical Bigdata, National Institute of Informatics, Tokyo, Japan;3. Department of Gastroenterology, Kyoto Second Red Cross Hospital, Kyoto, Japan;1. Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;2. Medical Image Processing Group, 602 Goddard building, 3710 Hamilton Walk, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;3. Center for Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;1. Information and Communication Engineering Department at School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;2. National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China;3. Department of Computer Science at School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;4. Department of Digestive Diseases, School of Medicine, Xiamen University;5. Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China;6. Center for Smart Health, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong |
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| Abstract: | Accurate prediction of facial soft-tissue changes following orthognathic surgery is crucial for surgical outcome improvement. We developed a novel incremental simulation approach using finite element method (FEM) with a realistic lip sliding effect to improve the prediction accuracy in the lip region.First, a lip-detailed mesh is generated based on accurately digitized lip surface points. Second, an improved facial soft-tissue change simulation method is developed by applying a lip sliding effect along with the mucosa sliding effect. Finally, the orthognathic surgery initiated soft-tissue change is simulated incrementally to facilitate a natural transition of the facial change and improve the effectiveness of the sliding effects.Our method was quantitatively validated using 35 retrospective clinical data sets by comparing it to the traditional FEM simulation method and the FEM simulation method with mucosa sliding effect only. The surface deviation error of our method showed significant improvement in the upper and lower lips over the other two prior methods. In addition, the evaluation results using our lip-shape analysis, which reflects clinician's qualitative evaluation, also proved significant improvement of the lip prediction accuracy of our method for the lower lip and both upper and lower lips as a whole compared to the other two methods.In conclusion, the prediction accuracy in the clinically critical region, i.e., the lips, significantly improved after applying incremental simulation with realistic lip sliding effect compared with the FEM simulation methods without the lip sliding effect. |
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