Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Rasch Analysis of the SWAN Rating Scale |
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Authors: | Deidra J Young Florence Levy Neilson C Martin David A Hay |
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Institution: | (1) School of Psychology, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, 6845, WA, Australia;(2) School of Psychiatry, Prince of Wales Hospital and University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia |
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Abstract: | The prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been estimated at 3–7% in the population. Children with
this disorder are often characterized by symptoms of inattention and/or impulsivity and hyperactivity, which can significantly
impact on many aspects of their behaviour and performance. This study investigated the characteristics of the SWAN
Rating
Scale and its discrimination of ADHD subtypes. This instrument was developed by Swanson and his colleagues and measures attentiveness
and hyperactivity on a continuum, from attention problems to positive attention skills, using a seven-point scale of behaviour:
“far below average” to “far above average”. The Australian Twin Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Study consists of
questionnaire data collected from families in 1990/2007. The Rasch model was used to measure the characteristics of items
from the SWAN
Rating
Scale; how well these items discriminated between those with and without ADHD. The prevalence of each subtype was found to be 5.3%
for inattentive ADHD, 4.3% for hyperactive ADHD and 4.6% for combined ADHD. A total of 14.2% of the cohort appeared to have
ADHD. While the inattentive items appeared to be consistent with each other in their measurement behaviour and response patterns,
the hyperactive items were less consistent. Further, the combined subtype appeared to be an entirely different type, with
unique features unlike the other two subtypes. Further work is needed to distinguish the diagnostic features of each subtype
of ADHD. |
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Keywords: | |
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