犬左冠状动脉前室间支心肌桥的形态学特征

目的探讨犬壁冠状动脉和心肌桥的形态学特点,为比较解剖学提供资料。方法取犬心41例,10%甲醛溶液固定,解剖显示冠状动脉及其分支,观测心肌桥及壁冠状动脉的出现率。结果犬冠状动脉心肌桥多出现于前室间支、后室间支和左室前支。心肌桥出现率70.7%,前室间支79.3%,心肌桥厚度为0.56±0.61 mm。前室间支前段内径1.64±0.46 mm,厚度0.18±0.06 mm;壁冠状动脉内径1.35±0.46 mm,厚度0.13±0.04 mm。心肌桥近段距第一对角支距离为19.78±8.20 mm,距前室间支起始部距离为24.49±12.37mm,距右冠起始部距离为24.21±5.80 mm。心肌桥纤维走向与壁冠状动脉夹角为68.94±14.38。结论犬冠状动脉心肌桥出现率及位置与人相似,可作为科研动物模型。

Morphological Features of the Myocardial Bridge in Anterior Interventricular Branch of the Left Coronary Artery in Dogs

Objective To investigate the morphology and mutuality of the dog′s mural coronary artery and myocardial bridge and to provide a foundation for comparative Anatomy.Methods Forty dog′s hearts were fixed with 10% formaldehyde and then stuffed by ordinary dissection instruments in order to show the structure of coronary artery.The myocardial bridge and mural coronary artery were observed and measured.Results The myocardial bridges of the dog′s mural coronary artery were mostly in the anterior interventricular branch,the posterior interventricular branch and anterior branch of the left ventricle.The emergent frequency of the myocardial bridge was 70.7% totally among which the anterior interventricular branch was 79.3% and the thickness of myocardial bridge was 0.56±0.61 mm.The internal diameter of the anterior part of the anterior interventricular branch was 1.64±0.46 mm and the thickness was 0.18±0.06 mm.The diameter of the mural coronary artery was 1.35±0.46 mm and the thickness was 0.13±0.04 mm.The distance of the proximal part of the myocardial bridge to the first diagonal branch was 19.78±8.20 mm,to the beginning part of the anterior interventricular branch was 24.49±12.37mm,and to the beginning part of the right coronary artery was 24.21±5.80 mm.The angle degree between the fibre course of myocardial bridge and mural coronary artery was 68.94±14.38.Conclusion The emergent frequency and position of the dog's coronary artery and myocardial bridge are similar to human,which is useful model for the further scientific study.