14例新生儿水痘分析

目的 探讨新生儿水痘的临床表现、诊断及预后. 方法 对湖南省儿童医院2010年1月1日-2011年12月31日住院的新生儿水痘病例14例进行回顾性分析. 结果 14例均有明确的接触史,典型的皮疹,发热.11例治愈出院,3例因放弃治疗后死亡,病死率为21.43％.14例患儿中,9例为先天性水痘,均合并有并发症(9/9),其中2例死亡;5例获得性水痘患者中仅3例合并并发症(3/5),死亡1例.12例并发症的情况为:4例并发皮肤感染,7例并发水痘肺炎,1例并发水痘脑炎,2例需要呼吸机呼吸支持. 结论 新生儿水痘的病死率较高,特别是合并并发症者,并发症对预后的影响大,先天性水痘较获得性水痘患者更易发生并发症,病死率高.新生儿水痘重在预防,避免并发症,提高治愈好转率.

Analysis on 14 Cases of Neonatal Varicella

Objective To discuss clinical symptoms,diagnosis and prognosis of neonatal varicella. Methods Fourteen cases of neonatal varicella hospitalized in Hunan Provincial Children’s Hospital from January 1,2010 to December 31,2011 were retrospectively analyzed. Results All of 14 cases had clear contact history,typical rash and fever.Among these cases,11 of them had been cured,while other 3 cases died after giving up treatment.The mortality rate was 21.43%.9 cases were congenital varicella,all of them had complications(9/9) and 2 cases died.Among 5 acquired varicella cases,only 3 of them had complications(3/5) and 1 case died.The situation of complications was as follows: 4 cases with skin infection,7 cases with varicella pneumonia,1 case with varicella encephalitis,and 2 cases with machine support. Conclusions The mortality rate of neonatal varicella is relatively high,especially the cases with complications.The complications have a huge impact on the prognosis.As compared with acquired varicella cases,the congenital varicella cases are more likely to have complications and have higher mortality rate.We should pay more attention to preventing neonatal varicella and avoiding complications so as to improve the curative rate.