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Contribution of the neuropsychological assessment in concussion
Affiliation:1. Équipe “Neuropsychologie : Audition, Cognition, Action”, PSITEC (EA 4072), université de Lille SHS, Campus Pont de Bois, BP 60149, 59653 Villeneuve d’Ascq cedex, France;2. Service de neurologie, hôpital Saint-Louis, AP–HP, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France;1. Department of neurosurgery, hospital Força Aérea do Galeão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;2. Department of pathology, hospital Força Aérea do Galeão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;1. Service de Neurochirurgie B, CHU de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France;2. University Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France;3. CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France;1. Orthopaedic and Scoliosis Surgery unit, Lenval Hospital, 57, Av. De la Californie, 06200 Nice, France;2. Spinal Unit, Santy Orthopaedic Center & Mermoz Hospital Ramsay GDS, 24 Avenue Paul Santy, 69008 Lyon, France;3. Spine Unit, P. Wertheimer Hospital, University Hospitals of Lyon, 59 Boulevard Pinel, 69677 Bron, France;1. Biochemistry and molecular biology department, CHU Gabriel-Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France;2. ASM Clermont Auvergne, service médical, 63028 Clermont-Ferrand cedex 2, France;3. Service de nutrition clinique, université Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;4. Service de neurochirurgie, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;5. Service de médecine du sport, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
Abstract:IntroductionThe neuropsychological assessment is a cornerstone in the care management of concussion or mild traumatic injury.ObjectiveTo present the different stages of an exhaustive neuropsychological assessment exploring cognitive and behavioral domains.MethodDescription of the value of the main tests available for behavioral and cognitive assessment. The choice of tests is based on the clinical experience and expertise of the authors.ResultsQuestionnaires are mainly used to explore the behavioral sequelae (depression, anxiety or fatigue) and the impact of these potential difficulties in daily life. Four cognitive abilities could be impaired by concussion: attention, memory, visuospatial functions and executive functions. These abilities could be explored with “paper and pencil” tests or with computerized test batteries. While cognitive sequelae in the context of a moderate or a severe traumatic brain injury are consolidated, in the context of concussion, neuropsychological sequelae tend to resolve in a short time. As a consequence, several neuropsychological assessments could be conducting in a short period involving some methodological considerations. Moreover, as concussion could be reported in a Whiplash injury from a car crash with forensic consequences, it is crucial to propose tests to be sure that the weak performance obtained into the neuropsychological assessment is not explained by poor effort and/or malingering.Discussion/conclusionThis article revises these aspects of a neuropsychological assessment in the specific context of concussion.
Keywords:Concussion  Neuropsychology  Cognitive assessment  Behavioral assessment.  Commotion cérébrale  Neuropsychologie  Évaluation cognitive  Évaluation comportementale
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