长江航道工程船舶饮用水重金属健康风险

目的分析长江航道工程船舶饮用水重金属健康风险。方法采集长江中游荆江航道工程水域地表水、取水口水源水和航道工程船舶饮用水,检测铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、砷(As)、铬(Cr)、铝(Al)、锰(Mn)、铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)含量,利用健康风险评价法(HRA)评价水质重金属健康风险。结果荆江航道工程水域地表水、取水口水源水和工程船舶饮用水Pb、Al、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn非致癌风险(危害商,HQ)<1,Cd、Cr致癌风险水平(CR)在10^(-9)~10^(-6)/a范围,处于可接受水平;As的CR水平在8.05×10^(-8)/a^8.49×10^(-5)/a,部分超过国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)推荐的可接受值(5.0×10^(-5)/a),但低于美国、WHO和中国《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB5749-2006)中As限值10μg/L,视为安全。结论长江航道工程船舶饮用水重金属含量符合国家饮用水水质卫生规范,但应加强水质风险评价;制备和储存的饮用水中发现危险因素时,采取针对性处理措施,保障船员饮用水安全。

Health risk assessment of heavy metal in drinking-water of ChangjiangWaterway Engineering ship

Objective To analyze the heavy metal concentration and health risk in drinking water of Changjiang Waterway Engineering Ship.Methods ICP-MS was used to detect the heavy metal (Cr、As、Cd、Pb、A1、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn) levels of the drinking-water and source of drinking water in waterway engineering ship of Jingjiang River.The health risk assessment model was used to evaluate the affected risk of heavy metal in drinking-water of Changjiang Waterway Engineering Ship.Results The risk of noncarcinogens related to the drinking water,source of drinking water and surface water of metals(Pb、Al、Mn 、Fe、Cu、Zn) was less than 1.The range of carcinogenic risks related to the drinking water,source of drinking water and surface water of heavy metal (Cd、Cr) was within the range of 10-9 ～ 10-6/a.The range of carcinogenic risk of As was 8.05 × 10 8/a ～ 8.49 × 10-5/a.Conclusion The heavy metal content in drinking water could meet the national drinking water health standards.However,there is potential health risk for As in surface water,therefore,it is suggested that the monitoring and evaluation of water quality should be strengthened,and appropriate measures should be taken to ensure the safety of drinking water.