个体化护理对肾结石经皮肾镜超声碎石术后肾造瘘管的影响

目的探讨个体化护理对肾结石经皮肾镜超声碎石术（PNUL）后患者肾造瘘管的影响。方法选择2010年3月—2013年3月收治的肾结石患者184例，按照随机数字表法分为研究组与对照组，每组各92例。两组患者均采取PNUL治疗，对照组患者术后采取常规护理，研究组患者在此基础上采取个体化护理干预，比较两组患者住院时间、拔出造瘘管时间及术后并发症发生情况。结果研究组患者住院时间、拔出造瘘管时间分别为（7．98±1．68），（5．12±1．66）d，均少于对照组的（10．23±2．54），（7．54±1．12）d，差异有统计学意义（t值分别为2．824，2．537；P〈0．05）。研究组无瘘管堵塞和感染患者；瘘管脱落发生率研究组为1．09％，对照组为11．96％，两组比较差异有统计学意义（x2=8．915，P〈0．01）；研究组护理的总满意度为98．91％，对照组为78．26％，两组比较差异有统计学意义（x2=114．649，P〈0．01）。结论针对肾结石PNUL术后患者。肾造瘘管采取个体化护理，能够有效降低术后并发症，保障治疗效果及手术的成功率。

Effect of individual nursing on renal fistula in renal calculi patients with percutaneous nephroscope ultrasonic lithotripsy

Objective To explore the effect of individual nursing on renal fistula in renal calculi patients with percutaneous nephroscope ultrasonic lithotripsy （PNUL）. Methods One hundred and eighty-four patients with renal calculi from March 2010 to March 2013 were chosen and divided into the study group and the control group according to the random number table, each with 92 cases. All patients received the PNUL, and the control group received the routine nursing after the operation, and the study group received the individual nursing on the basis of routine nursing. The time of hospitalization and pulling out fistula, the occurrence of complication after the operation were compared between two groups. Results The time of hospitalization and pulling out fistula in the study group were respectively （7.98 ± 1.68） , （5.12 ± 1.66） d, and were less than （10.23 ± 2.54）, （7.54 ± 1.12 ） d in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant （t = 2. 824,2. 537, respectively;P 〈 0. 05 ）. The blockage and infection of fistula were not found in the study group; the incidence rate of fistula abscission was 1.09% in the study group, and was 11.96% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant （ X2 = 8. 915, P 〈 0. 01 ）. The satisfaction of nursing was 98.91% in the study group, and was 78.26% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant （X2 = 114.649, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Condusions The individual nursing of renal fistula in renal calculi patients with PNUL can effectively reduce the occurrence of complication after the operation, and ensure the curative effect and the success rate of operation.