Minocycline对血管性抑郁小鼠抑郁行为及神经递质的作用

目的 探讨minocycline抑制炎症反应对血管性抑郁小鼠行为及神经递质的影响。 方法 成年雄性CD1小鼠随机分为3组，每组各10只，实验组造模后立即腹腔注射minocycline每日1 次连续7 d（30 mg/kg），对照组造模后给予同等剂量的生理盐水，假手术组除不阻断颈动脉供 血外，其余手术操作与实验组相同，术后同样给予腹腔注射相应剂量的生理盐水。术后第8天起 行悬尾实验（第8天）、旷场实验（第9天）检测抑郁行为，水迷宫定向航行实验（第10天）检测认 知能力。术后第11天处死取脑，分离海马匀浆，酶联免疫吸附测定（enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay，ELISA）试剂盒检测肿瘤坏死因子-α（tumor necrosis factor α，TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1β （interleukin-1β，IL-1β）及白细胞介素-6（interleukin-6，IL-6）含量，并通过高效液相色谱法（high performance liquid chromatography，HPLC）对抑郁相关的单胺类神经递质进行检测，包括5-羟色胺 （5-hydroxytryptamine，5-HT）、去甲肾上腺素（norepinephrine，NE）及多巴胺（dopamine，DA）。 结果 3组小鼠悬尾实验不动时间差异有显著性［实验组：（174.7 5±11.37）s，对照组： （194.32±14.32）s，假手术组：（169.62±19.27）s，F =6.59，P =0.005］；与对照组相比，实验组和假手 术组悬尾不动时间显著缩短；3组小鼠探洞次数、活动时间、活动路程差异显著（F =6.17，P =0.008； F =11.55，P＜0.001；F =13.47，P＜0.001）；与对照组相比，实验组与假手术组探洞次数明显增多［实 验组：（50.86±9.23）次，对照组：（35.73±11.96）次，假手术组：（48.14±10.16）次］，活动时 间与活动总路程均明显延长［实验组：（786.70±27.51）s，对照组：（738.88±36.00）s，假手术组： （807.90±33.16）s；实验组：（37 171.42±8493.40）mm，对照组：（28 992.91±5760.03）mm，假手术 组：（47 206.23±8219.84）mm］；水迷宫实验潜伏期差异有显著性［实验组：（87.38±13.36）s，对照 组：（88.50±19.88）s，假手术组：（44.38±19.76）s，F =16.09，P＜0.001］，与假手术组相比，实验组 和对照组潜伏期显著延长。炎症因子检测提示，3组海马TNF-α、IL-1β及IL-6差异具有显著性［实 验组：（141.10±24.36）pg/100 mg，对照组：（167.6±15.91）pg/100 mg，假手术组：（123.8±15.53） pg/100 mg，F =13.42，P＜0.001；实验组：（5.32±1.89）pg/mg，对照组：（10.31±2.83）pg/mg，假手术组： （4.50±2.07）pg/mg，F =18.69，P＜0.001；实验组：（20.01±3.62）pg/mg，对照组：（24.39±5.04）pg/mg， 假手术组：（18.40±3.78）pg/mg，F =5.49，P =0.010］；与对照组相比，实验组与假手术组3种炎性 细胞因子均显著降低。3组海马5-HT及DA含量差异有显著［实验组：（3.89±1.21）ng/ml，对照组： （3.13±1.44）ng/ml，假手术组：（5.01±1.68）ng/ml，F =4.17，P =0.026；实验组：（10.72±2.65）ng/ml， 对照组：（7.99±2.31）ng/ml，假手术组：（11.76±3.10）ng/ml，F =5.18，P =0.012］；与对照组相 比，实验组和假手术组DA含量显著增加，实验组5-HT含量差异无显著性，而假手术组5-HT含量增 多；3组NE含量差异无显著性［实验组：（3.97±1.35）ng/ml，对照组：（3.16±1.55）ng/ml，假手术组： （4.68±1.99）ng/ml，F =2.13，P =0.139］。 结论 Minocycline能够抑制血管性抑郁小鼠炎症因子的表达，抗炎症治疗可改善其抑郁行为，对认 知损害未观察到明显改善，相关的神经递质以DA的改变为最明显。

Minocycline Improves the Depressive Behaviors of Vascular Depression Mice and Influences the Neurotransmitters Content in Hippocampus via Restraining Neuroinflammation

Objective To investigate the effects of minocycline, a neuroinflammation inhibitor, on the depressive behaviors and neurotransmitters in the vascular depression mice model.Methods Male CD1 mice were subject to repeated common carotid artery occlusion and reperfusion to establish the vascular depression model, then randomly divided into experimental group（n =10）, control group（n =10） and sham group（n =10）. Minocycline（30 mg/kg, i.p.） and same dose of saline were administrated immediately after the surgery and subsequently the consecutive 6 days in experimental group and control group respectively. Mice in sham group were conducted the same surgery expect occluding carotid artery, then administered the same dose of saline as the control group. After the administration, tail suspension test and open-fi eld test were used to assess depression behaviors of mice on the post operation day（POD） 8 and 9 respectively, and Morris water maze was used to assess cognitive function on the POD 10. On POD 11, mice were deeply anesthetized and euthanized and transcardially perfused with phosphate buffered saline（PBS）. Expressions of tumor necrosis factor α（TNF-α）, interleukin-1β（IL-1β） and interleukin-6（IL-6） in hippocampus were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） kit. Contents of 5-hydroxytryptamine（5-HT）, norepinephrine（NE） and dopamine（DA） were measured by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）.Results Among the three groups, the immobility time was signifi cantly different（174.75±11.37]s vs 194.32±14.32]s vs 169.62±19.27]s, F=6.59, P=0.005）, and the immobility time of experimental group and sham group was shorter than control group significantly. The times of exploring holes, prolonged time and distance of movement were signifi cantly different（F =6.17, P =0.008; F =11.55, P〈0.001; F =13.47, P〈0.001）, the times of exploring holes of experimental group and sham group was more than control group signifi cantly, and so did both pr