发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒温度敏感性研究

目的 研究发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒(severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus, SFTSV)对温度的敏感性,为SFTSV的消毒和实验室生物安全防护提供依据。方法 将SFTSV细胞培养上清液分装到250 μL的PCR管中,100 μL/管,分别放置在4 ℃冰箱,以及25 ℃、37 ℃、39 ℃、56 ℃、70 ℃金属浴中,处理预定时间后,再将其感染Vero细胞,采用间接免疫荧光法测定病毒滴度。结果 随温度的升高,病毒滴度下降速度加快,在4 ℃、25 ℃、37 ℃和39 ℃放置24 h后病毒滴度由10^7.25/100 μL分别下降到10^7.00/100 μL、10^6.75/100 μL、10^6.50/100 μL和10^5.00/100 μL。同一温度,随放置时间的延长,病毒滴度下降趋势也愈加明显,SFTSV在4 ℃、25 ℃、37 ℃放置72 h后,病毒滴度由10^7.25/100 μL分别下降到10^6.63/100 μL、10^6.50/100 μL和10^3.38/100 μL。SFTSV在39 ℃放置72 h失去感染性,在56 ℃作用180 min或70 ℃放置5 min即被灭活。结论 SFTSV 70 ℃放置5 min即被灭活,但其在4 ℃和25 ℃条件下放置3 d,病毒滴度变化不明显,实验室和医务人员应重视个人防护和对被SFTSV污染过的物品的消毒。

Study of the temperature sensitivity of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus

This study investigated the temperature sensitivity of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) to provide a basis for SFTSV disinfection and laboratory biosafety protection. We divided SFTSV cell culture supernatants into 250 μL PCR vials at 100 μL/tube, and placed them in a refrigerator at 4 ℃, and a metal bath at 25 ℃, 37 ℃, 39 ℃, 56 ℃, and 70 ℃. After treatment for predetermined periods of time, the viral titer was determined through indirect immunofluorescence in Vero cells. With increasing temperature, the rate of decline of the viral titer increased. After incubation at 4 ℃, 25 ℃, 37 ℃, and 39 ℃ for 24 h, the titers decreased from 10^7.25/100 μL to 10^7.00/100 μL, 10^6.75/100 μL, 10^6.50/100 μL, and 10^5.00/100 μL, respectively. At the same temperature, with prolonged storage time, the decrease in titer became more pronounced. After SFTSV was placed at 4 ℃, 25 ℃, 37 ℃ for 72 h, the viral titer decreased from 10^7.25/100 μL to 10^6.63/100 μL, 10^6.50/100 μL, and 10^3.38/100 μL, respectively. SFTSV lost its infectivity after incubation at 39 ℃ for 72 h. SFTSV was inactivated after exposure to 56 ℃ for 180 min or 70 ℃ for 5 min. We concluded that SFTSV is inactivated after incubation at 70 ℃ for 5 min. However, after 3 days of exposure to 4 ℃ and 25 ℃, the viral titer did not change significantly. Laboratories and medical staff should focus on personal protection and disinfection of items contaminated by SFTSV.