制作冲击创伤性关节内骨折动物模型的实验研究

目的：制作关节内骨折动物模型。方法：以重锤自由下落做功条件和凿开法制作兔膝关节内骨折模型。采用16DJL－10型高速摄影拍摄撞击作用过程，计算撞击作用时间和冲击作用刀，共实验11只家兔。另21只家兔以WE-10A万能材料试验机，测得近膝关节部位股骨冲击状态下破坏载荷、强度、弹性模量及其它生物属性。所有数据由IBM-586计算机进行统计学处理。结果：11只家兔（22个膝关节）造模制得关节内骨折模型18个（81．8％）。另发生1个股骨下端粉碎性骨折，3个骨折线自股骨外髁偏出。造模撞击作用时间为8．5毫秒。冲击作用为303．64牛顿，大于兔股骨的横向破坏载荷（131．2牛顿）。结论：按标准化程序，经guo窝后入路切凿股骨，可造成兔膝关节内骨折动物模型。

AN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODEL OF IMPACT ARTICULAR FRACTURE

Objective: To produce an experimental animal model of injured articular fracture. Methods: 11rabbits (22 legs) were used to produce the model. With the energy weight of an iron hammar falling down that, the wedge would split a femoral condyle, with the capsula articularis intact. A high speed camera was used to measure the time of the procedure. Another 21 rabbits were used to measure the destructive load, intensity, elastic modulus and other biological characters of femur. Results:18 of 22 legs(82%) were successful to produce the animal model of articular fracture. A comminuted fracture was found in 1 leg, whereas the line of fracture was oblique onto condylus lateralis in 3 legs. The time of the procedure was 8.5 milliseconds and the force was 303.64 Newton, which is more than the horizontal femoral destructive load(131.2Newton). Conclusion: In our procedure, breaking up femoral with popliteal incision will produce a rabbit model of articular fractur.