大剂量地塞米松治疗多烯紫杉醇外渗性皮肤损伤的实验研究

目的探讨大剂量地塞米松治疗多烯紫杉醇外渗性皮肤损伤的疗效。方法30只大鼠右后腿皮下建立多烯紫杉醇外渗性模型，随机分为三组：大剂量激素组每只鼠立即于尾静脉注射地塞米松5mg/kg体重，qd×6天；小剂量激素组注射地塞米松0．5mg/kg体重，qd×6天；生理盐水对照组用等容积的生理盐水代替地塞米松于每只鼠的尾静脉注射，也连用6天。观察各组大鼠外渗性皮损发生率、损伤面积大小和皮疹愈合时间。结果大剂量地塞米松治疗组的皮损发生率为20％，显著低于小剂量激素组和对照组（二者均为100％）（P〈0．05）；大剂量地塞米松治疗组皮损面积为996．36±311．07mm^2，显著小于小剂量激素组和对照组（二者分别为3135．23±475．29mm^2和3069．75±517．06mm^2）（P〈0．01）；大剂量地塞米松治疗组皮损愈合时间为10．36±2．41天，显著短于小剂量激素组和对照组（二者分别为25．00±4．37天和24．12±3．46天）（P〈0．01）。 结论大剂量地塞米松治疗可显著减少多烯紫杉醇外渗性皮肤损伤的发生，减轻皮损程度，缩短皮损的愈合时间。

Efficacy of high dose dexamethasone on skin damage caused by docetaxel extravasation in rats

Objective： To explore the efficacy of high dose dexamethasone on skin damage caused by docetaxel extravasation in a rat model. Methods ： A docetaxel extravasation model was established in the right lower extremities of 30 rats. The rats were divided into three groups and received high dose dexamethasone （ 5 mg/kg, QD×6）, low dose dexamethasone （0.5 mg/kg, QD × 6） or normal saline injection respectively. The occurrence rate and the extent of skin damage, and the healing time were observed and compared. Results： The occurrence rate of skin damage was significantly lower in the high dose dexamethasone group（20% ） than that in the low dose dexamethasone group（ 100% ） and the normal sahne group（ 100% ） （P 〈 0.05 ）. The damaged skin area was 996.36 ± 311.07 mm^2 in high dose dexamethasone group and obviously smaller than that in the low dose dexamethasone group （3135.23 ±475.29 mm^2） and the normal saline group （3069.75 ± 517.06 mm^2） （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. The healing tame was significantly shorter in high dose dexamethasone group（ 10.36 ±2.41days） than that in the low dose dexamethasone group （ 25.00 ± 4.37days） and the normal saline group （ 24.12 ± 3.46days） （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion ： High dose dexamethasone injection can obviously decrease the occurrence rate and the extent of skin damage caused by docetaxel extravasation, and shorten the healing time of skin damage.