难治性癫痫早期预测因素的病例对照研究

目的 探索癫痫患者易演变为难治性癫痫（refractory epilepsy，RE）的早期预测因素，为临床尽早处理RE提供理论依据。方法 收集173例诊断明确、治疗合理的癫痫患者，分为药物难治性癫痫(drug non-responsive epilepsy，DNR-EP)组（106例）和药物有效性癫痫(drug-responsiveepilepsy，DR-EP)组（67例）。通过观察癫痫患者早期临床特点，采用多因素Logistic回归分析，探索癫痫患者易发展为RE的预测因素。结果 多因素Logistic回归分析显示：初次治疗前＞10次发作（OR =4.46，95％ CI 1.60～12.40,P=0.004）、早期伴智能障碍(OR=19.87,95％ CI 3.60～ 109.78,P=0.001)、治疗后脑电图仍有癫痫波样异常（OR=7.57,95％ CI 2.54～22.56，P＜0.01）是癫痫患者易发展为RE的预测因素；而初次使用抗癫痫药物(AEDs)治疗效果良好是RE的保护因素（OR=0.05,95％ CI 0.018 ～0.139,P＜0.01）。结论 初次治疗前发作次数多、早期伴智能障碍、治疗后脑电图仍有癫痫波样异常、初次AEDs治疗效果差的癫痫患者易发展为RE。

Early predictors of refractory epilepsy: a case-control study

Objective To identify the early predictors of refractory epilepsy (RE). Methods All 173 epileptic patients with correct diagnosis and reasonable treatment were enrolled. The 106 patients were classified as drug non-responsive epilepsy (DNR-EP). The remaining 63 patients were classified as drugresponsive epilepsy (DR-EP). With multiple logistic regression, the clinical characteristics between the two groups were compared to identify the early predictors of RE. Results Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that more than 10 seizures before treatment (OR =4. 46, 95％ CI 1.60-12. 40, P =0. 004),mental retardation at early time ( OR =19. 87, 95％ CI 3. 60-109. 78, P =0. 001 ) and abnormal electroencephalogram(EEG) with epileptiform wave after treatment ( OR =7.57, 95％ CI 2. 54-22. 56,P ＜0. 01 ) were independent predictors of RE. Response to initial therapy was a protective factor of RE (OR=0.05, 95％ CI 0.018-0. 139, P＜0.01). Conclusion Patients who have many seizures before treatment, mental retardation at the early time, epileptiform abnormality in EEG after treatment and who are resistant to initial therapy are likely to develop into refractory epilepsy.