Investigation on the virulence of non-encapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae using liquid agar pneumonia model |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan;2. Sugita ENT Clinic, Mihama-Ku Takasu 3-14-1, Chiba City, Chiba, 261-0004, Japan;3. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto 1-7-1, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan;4. Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave South Birmingham, Alabama, 35294, USA;1. Department of Pediatrics, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki City, Okayama, 7010192, Japan;2. Department of Medical Welfare for Children, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, 288 Matsushima, Kurashiki City, Okayama, 7010193, Japan;1. Department of Laboratory Sciences, Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8514, Japan;2. Department of Clinical Laboratory, Gunma University Hospital, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan;1. Medicine and Biosystematic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan;2. Japan Physicians Association, Tokyo, Japan;3. Ricerca Clinica Co., Fukuoka, Japan;4. Kawai Clinic, Gifu, Japan;5. Takasaki Clinic: Pediatrics & Child Health, Japan;6. Shindo Children''s Clinic, Japan;1. Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan;2. Clinical Laboratory, Marugame Medical Center, Kagawa, Japan;3. Department of Nursing, Marugame Medical Center, Kagawa, Japan;4. Microbiology Division, Clinical Laboratory, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan;1. Department of Health Policy and Informatics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo, Japan;2. Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA;1. Division of Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, South-1 West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan;2. Division of Infection Control, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, South-1 West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan;3. Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan |
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| Abstract: | IntroductionSince the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, there have been warnings of an increase in infections caused by non-vaccine type of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains. Among them, nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae (NESp) has been reported to cause invasive infections, especially in children and the elderly. Due to low virulence, however, basic experimental reports on invasive infections are limited.MethodsWe applied a liquid-agar method to establish a mouse model of invasive NESp infection. Mice were intratracheally administered a bacterial suspension including agar. With this technique, we investigated the pathogenicity of NESp and the effect of Pneumococcal surface protein K (PspK), a specific surface protein antigen of NESp.NESp wild-type strain (MNZ11) and NESp pspK-deleted mutant strain (MNZ1131) were used in this study. The survival rate, number of bacteria, cytokine/chemokine levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and histology of the lung tissue were evaluated.ResultsMice that were intratracheally administered MNZ11 developed lethal pneumonia with bacteremia within 48 h. Conversely, MNZ1131 showed predominantly low lethality without significant pro-inflammatory cytokine production. NESp was found to cause severe pneumonia and bacteremia upon reaching the lower respiratory tract, and PspK was a critical factor of NESp for developing invasive infections.ConclusionsThe current study demonstrated the ability of NESp to develop invasive diseases, especially in connection with PspK by use of a mouse pneumonia model. |
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| Keywords: | Nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae Pneumonia Bacteremia PspK NESp"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0035"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae ESp"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0045"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"encapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae PspK"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0055"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Pneumococcal surface protein K PCV"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0065"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Pneumococcal capsular vaccine |
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