重庆市城区妇女围绝经期综合征的流行病学调查分析

目的：调查重庆市城区妇女围绝经期综合征的发生情况及相关危险因素分析。方法选取于2013年1月到2014年6月在该院妇科门诊就诊的重庆市城区围绝经期妇女，调查了重庆市城区1680例围绝经期女性，围绕围绝经期症状进行一般情况问卷调查。结果1680例围绝经期女性，平均初潮年龄（14．71±1．95）岁；平均绝经年龄（47．24±3．13）岁；1571例发生了围绝经期综合征，占93．51％，主要的症状包括有：记忆力减退、睡眠障碍、易怒、心慌、头痛、潮热多汗、性欲减退、性高潮障碍、性交疼痛、阴道干涩、骨肌肉关节疼痛、皮肤感觉异常、抑郁等；围绝经期综合征的主要危险因素：记忆力减退（P ＜0．01）、睡眠障碍（P＜0．01）、是否绝经（P＜0．01）、有无性生活（P＜0．05）、关注性生活（P＜0．05）、对绝经的态度（P＜0．05）。结论大多数重庆市城市围绝经期女性发生了围绝经期综合征，应重视围绝经期女性的保健工作，加强对围绝经期知识的认识，合理应用激素替代疗法。

Epidemiological survey and analysis of perimenopausal syndrome in Chongqing city

Objective To investigate the prevalence of perimenopausal syndrome and relative risk factors in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women in Chongqing city .Methods Totally 1 680 questionnaires from women with perimenopausal syndrome , all the objects were patients who visited gynecology clinic from January 2013 to June 2014 in Chongqing .Results The average men‐arche age was (14 .71 ± 1 .95) years old ;average menopause age was (47 .22 ± 3 .13) years old in 1 680 perimenopausal women . 93 .51% (1 571/1 680) objects were diagnosed perimenopausal syndrome ,mainly presented to be forgetfulness ,sleep disorder ,irrita‐bility ,palpitation ,headache ,hot flashes ,sweating ,loss of libido ,orgasmic dysfunction ,dyspareunia ,colpoxerosis ,bone ,joint and muscle pain ,paraesthesia of skin ,depression .The risk factors were analyzed ,forgetfulness(P < 0 .01) ,sleep disorder(P < 0 .01) , menopause(P< 0 .01) ,normal sex or not(P< 0 .05) ,the attitude of sex(P< 0 .05) ,and the attitude of menopause(P< 0 .05) .Con‐clusion Most women in the period of perimenopausal have the problem with perimenopausal syndrome .The special service should be provided to perimenopausal women ,such as knowledge about perimenopausal and rational hormone replacement therapy .