荧光定量聚合酶链反应与免疫印迹法检测人巨细胞病毒

目的比较荧光定量聚合酶链反应（FQ-PCR）与免疫印迹法（IBT）检测人巨细胞病毒效果。方法分别应用FQ-PCR和IBT检测疑似人巨细胞病毒（HCMV）感染小儿和成人各42例尿HCMV DNA和血清HCMV IgM。结果 42例疑似人巨细胞病毒感染小儿尿HCMV DNA阳性检出率为57.14%,血HCMV IgM阳性检出率为35.71%。前者的诊断阳性率高于后者,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=3.88,P〈0.05）;42例成人尿HCMV DNA阳性检出率为14.29%,血HCMV IgM阳性检出率为71.43%。后者的诊断阳性率显著高于前者,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=28,P〈0.005）;84例患者尿HCMV DNA阳性检出率38.10%,血HCMV IgM阳性检出率48.81%。2种方法检测HCMV活动性感染的差异无统计学意义（χ^2=1.96,P〉0.1）。结论 FQ-PCR检测HCMV DNA是早期诊断小儿HCMV感染的有效的方法;免疫印迹法检测血清HCMV IgM水平对于判断成人HCMV活动性感染具有一定意义;做人群HCMV普查时,免疫印迹法有较好的应用价值。

Comparative determination of human cytomegalo virus by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting

Aim To compare the results of detection of human cytomegalo virus （HCMV） infection by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction （FQ-PCR）and immunoblotting （IBT）. Methods Urine and blood samples were collected from 84 suspected adult and child patients with HCMV infection. HCMV DNA were detected by FQ-PCR and HCMV IgM antibody was simultaneously detected by IBT assay. Results The positive rate of HCMV DNA was 57.14%,and that of HCMV IgM was 35.71% in urine and blood samples from 42 children and FQ-PCR was superior to IBT,showing significant difference （χ^2=3.88,P〈0.05）; The positive rate of HCMV DNA was 14.29%,and that of HCMV IgM was 71.43% in urine and blood samples from 42 adults,IBT was superior to FQ-PCR,showing significant difference （χ^2=28,P〈0.005）. The positive rate of HCMV DNA was 38.10% ,and that of HCMV IgM was 48.81% among all 84 patients,without significant diffference（χ^2=1.96,P〉0.1）. Conclusions FQ-PCR is a sensitive assay for diagnosis of HCMV infection in children,IBT can be used as a diagnostic assay for active HCMV infection in the adults; and IBT is a good assay for the general survey.