肺结核患者生存质量评价研究

目的研究舟山地区187例抗结核治疗的肺结核患者的生存质量,并分析其影响因素。方法采用自编的人口学资料和疾病治疗情况调查表及WHOQOL—BREF问卷对187例肺结核患者的一般资料及生存质量进行调查,并比较不同状况下的生存质量评分。结果 187例肺结核患者,生理领域、心理领域、社会关系和环境领域得分为61.13±13.12、53.24±16.59、59.91±12.08和60.12±15.68。生存质量除环境领域外,其他领域均明显低于我国常模水平（P〈0.05）。男性心理领域得分高于女性（P〈0.05）;不同年龄组在生理和心理领域得分差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;文化程度高者在心理和社会领域得分均高于文化程度低者（P〈0.05）;不同经济收入在4个领域得分差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;初次治疗、住院时间≤1个月和治疗有效的患者在生理、环境和心理领域得分均高于复诊、住院时间〉1个月、治疗无效的患者（P〈0.05）。结论肺结核患者的生存质量受性别、年龄、经济收入、文化程度和治疗因素的影响,应有针对性地提供心理支持和健康教育等干预。

A Study of Evaluation on Life Quality among Tuberculosis Patients

Objective To evaluate the quality of life（ QOL） among patients with anti- TB treatment in Zhoushan city and to analyze the influence factors. Methods Our self- designed questionnaire and WHOQOL- BREF scale were used to investigate the general information and the quality of life among 187 tuberculosis patients. Scores of life quality under different conditions were compared. Results The scores of physiological domain,psychological domain,social relations and environmental domains were 61. 13 ± 13. 12,53. 24 ± 16. 59,59. 91 ± 12. 08 and 60. 12 ± 15. 68 respectively. The scores of all domains excluding the environmental relations were significantly lower than the normal level（ P〈0. 05）. The scores of males were significantly higher than females in psychological domain（ P〈0. 05）,and the score differences among age groups were of statistical significance both in physiological domain and psychological domain（ both P〈0. 05）. Those with high education levels scored higher than those with lower education level in psychological and social domains（ both P〈0. 05）. The scores of different economic income in 4 domains showed significant differences（ all P〈0. 05）. The first time treated,hospitalization time less than 1 month and effectively treated patients scored higher than those not（ all P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The quality of life among tuberculosis patients could be influenced by sex,age,income, education,and treatment factors,so appropriate health care such as psychological support and health education should be provided.