非小细胞肺癌表皮生长因子受体基因突变的临床意义

表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)是一种具有酪氨酸激酶活性的跨膜糖蛋白,可介导细胞的增殖、分化、凋亡抑制及血管生成等多种细胞过程.在多种人类恶性肿瘤中.均存在EGFR表达上调的现象,其中约70%的非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者表现为EGFR过表达.另外,在亚洲非吸烟的女性肺腺癌患者中,EGFR的基因突变率达40%以上,表明EGFR的异常表达与NSCLC的发生及发展有密切关系.本文主要就近年来关于EGFR过表达和基因突变与NSCLC发生及转移关系的研究作一综述.

Clinical significance of epidermal growth factor receptor gene mutations in non-small cell lung cancer

Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) is a type of transmembrane glycoprotein with tyrosine kinase activity. It can induce several cell processes such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis inhibition, angiogenesis, and so on. EGFR is upregulated commonly in many types of human malignant tumors. EGFR overexpressed in 70% of patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). Moreover, in female nonsmokers with lung adenocarcinoma in Asia, the rate of EGFR mutation is over 40%. Studies indicate that the abnormal expression of EGFR is related to the genesis and development of NSCLC. This article reviews correlations between EGFR overexpression and mutation and the genesis and progression of NSCLC in recent years.