甲醛对小鼠睾丸细胞凋亡和细胞周期的影响

目的：研究甲醛对小鼠睾丸细胞凋亡和细胞周期的影响，探讨甲醛对雄性小鼠的生殖与遗传毒性及其作用机制。 方法：雄性健康昆明种小鼠随机分为阴性对照组（NC）、甲醛染毒组和阳性对照组（PC），每组12只。采用静式吸入染毒，各染毒组吸入甲醛浓度分别是21(1/24LC₅₀)、42 (1/12 LC₅₀>)和84 mg·m^-3 (1/6 LC₅₀)，阴性对照组吸入正常空气，阳性对照组腹腔注射环磷酰胺（50 mg·kg-1）。染毒结束后处死小鼠，检测各组小鼠睾丸细胞凋亡和细胞周期的变化。结果：1/6LC₅₀染毒组小鼠睾丸细胞凋亡率显著高于阴性对照组(P<0.05)；随着甲醛剂量的增加，S期细胞百分数逐渐增加，G0/G1和G2+M期的细胞百分数逐渐减少，各剂量染毒组小鼠睾丸细胞S期细胞百分数显著高于阴性对照组，1/6LC₅₀染毒组G0/G1和G2+M期的细胞百分数显著低于其他剂量组(P<0.05)。 结论：甲醛可以使小鼠睾丸细胞凋亡率增加，并影响其细胞周期，具有一定的生殖遗传毒性。

Effects of formaldehyde on apoptosis and cell cycle of testicle cells in male mice

Objective To study the effects of formaldehyde on apoptosis and cell cycle of testicle cells in male mice,and explore the mechanism of formaldehyde on reproduction and genetic toxicity of male mice.Methods The male Kunming mice were randomly divided into negative control group(NC),formaldehyde exposed groups(21,42,84 mg·m-3) and positive control group(PC).12 male mice were included in each group.The exposed dose was respectively 21 mg·m-3(1/24LC50),42 mg·m-3(1/12 LC50) and 84 mg·m-3(1/6 LC50).Mice in negative control group inhaled air,the mice in positive control group were injected with cyclophosphamide.The mice were killed after exposure to toxicant,and the testicle cell apoptosis and cell cycle in mice in various groups were examined.Results The apoptotic rate of mouse testicle cells in 1/6LC50 group was significantly higher than that in negative control(P<0.05).The percentages of S phase cells gradually increased and that of G0/G1 and G2+M phase cells gradually decreased with the formaldehyde dose increasing.The percentages of S-phase cells in three exposed groups were obviously higher than that in negative control and that of G0/G1 and G2+M phase cells in 1/6 LC50 group were obviously lower than other groups(P<0.05).Conclusion Formaldehyde can increase the apoptotic rate of mouse testicle cells,and increase the percentages of S phase cells and decrease the percentages of G0/G1 and G2+M phase cells.The results suggest that formaldehyde has reproductive and genetic toxicity.