The short- and mid-term results of bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt with additional source of pulmonary blood flow as definitive palliation for the functional single ventricular heart

Objective: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the early and late outcomes of bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt (BCPS) as a definitive procedure for the functional single ventricular heart. Method: From September 1991 to December 1997, 34 patients underwent a BCPS procedure without a routine conversion to Fontan circulation. The additional source of pulmonary blood flow was left in all patients. Conversion was performed only when it was required for excessive cyanosis. Results: The hospital mortality rate was 8.8% (3/34, 95% confidence limit; 1.9–23%) and the 5-year survival rate was 75% for a mean follow-up period of 33±22 months. Seven patients underwent a conversion procedure for remnant or recurrent cyanosis and deterioration of exercise tolerance. Four of these patients died after conversion to Fontan circulation. Twenty-five long-term survivors with BCPSs maintained an arterial oxygen saturation of 84±6.1%, and 52% of them had a normal exercise tolerance or mild limitation. No patients developed severe late complications other than recurrent cyanosis. Conclusion: Due to the high mortality after conversion to Fontan circulation in patients whose conditions had deteriorated, we could not demonstrate the clear superiority of long-term BCPS over the construction of Fontan circulation for management of the functional single ventricular heart. If deteriorated conditions were successfully managed in the late period, the outcome of long-term BCPS would have been better.