飞行人员视力变化规律

目的 总结飞行基础学员、飞行学员和飞行员视力情况及其变化规律,为修改招飞体检视力标准提供依据. 方法 跟踪调查273名飞行基础学员在校期间的视力变化情况及其与屈光的关系、128名飞行学员在校期间视力变化情况以及236名飞行员连续3年视力变化情况. 结果 ①273名(546眼)飞行基础学员,招飞体检视力、入校复查视力均在标准范围内,毕业时视力有264名(528眼)视力在标准范围内,9人(12眼)视力低于正常范围.飞行基础学员毕业时视力和入校复查视力较招飞体检视力明显上升(P<0.01);毕业时视力与入校复查视力差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).毕业时,远视眼视力提高者明显多于近视眼(P<0.01).②飞行学员飞高教机前和毕业时视力较入校飞初教机前视力明显上升;飞高教机前和毕业时视力差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).③飞行员3年视力无明显变化,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05). 结论 ①飞行学员自招飞到毕业视力有逐渐增高的趋势,招飞体检时可以在严格控制屈光标准的前提下保留部分边缘视力者,以增加生源,但尚不能仅凭此作为修改招飞体检视力标准的依据.②建议分机种、飞行职务进行招飞并定向培养,对视力要求较低的机种以及非驾驶人员可适当放宽招飞视力标准.

Regularity of the vision variation in flying personnel

Objective To conclude the regularity of vision variation on the base of investigating the vision of the cadets of primary flying school, flying cadets and pilots and to provide reference for revising the standard of vision examination in pilot recruiting. Methods The vision variation and its relation to refraction of 273 cadets in primary flying school were investigated, as well as for 128 flying cadets' vision variation during their collage life and 236 pilots' vision variation for 3 years.Results ① For the 273 primary cadets in flying school their vision (546 eyes) were eligible in recruiting and enrollment physical examinations. But 9 cadets (12 eyes) were assessed lower than standard when they graduated.The vision that was assessed in enrollment and graduation physical examinations showed significant increase than that in recruiting physical examination (P< 0.01).The vision difference between graduation and enrollment examination was not significant (P> 0.05). The hyperopia cadets had more probability of enhancing vision than myopia cadets (P<0.01). ② Flying cadets showed significant better vision in the examinations prior to advanced trainer training and at graduation than that in the examination prior to elementary trainer training. There was no statistical difference between the examinations prior to advanced trainer training and at graduation (P<0.05). ③ The visions of the pilots didn't obviously vary in the consecutive 3 years (P<0.05).Conclusions ① Flying cadets' vision showed improved trend from enrollment to graduation. So keeping certain cadets who has fringe vision in recruiting physical examination would be helpful to save human resource but the refraction standard should be strictly fulfilled. However it's not suggested to take such relaxation as the evidence of revising vision examination standard. ② Aircraft type and flight duty oriented recruitments are suggested considering the vision variation trend. Looser vision standard would be applied to those who either for lower vision requirement aircraft or for non-pilot post.