腰椎椎间融合术患者应用早期康复护理干预的效果分析

目的：探讨早期康复护理干预在腰椎椎间融合术患者中的应用效果，为腰椎椎间融合术患者提供护理经验。方法76例行后路腰椎椎间融合术的腰椎退变性疾病患者采用数字表法随机分为观察组和对照组，每组38例。对照组采用骨科常规护理方法，观察组则采用早期康复护理干预，均连续干预12周。对比观察2组干预前后下腰痛功能障碍指数（ ODI）总分及主要项目评分、视觉模拟疼痛（ VAS）评分以及抑郁症状（ SDS）评分。结果干预后2组患者ODI总分及疼痛、自理、睡眠、坐、社会5个主要项目得分均较治疗前显著降低，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；观察组患者干预后ODI总分及疼痛、自理、睡眠、坐和社会5个主要项目得分低于对照组干预后，差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）；干预后患者2组腰VAS评分及下肢VAS评分均较治疗前降低，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；观察组患者干预后SDS评分较干预前降低，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），对照组无明显变化（P＞0．05）；观察组患者干预后腰VAS评分、下肢VAS评分和SDS评分低于对照组干预后，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论早期康复护理干预可以显著提高腰椎椎间融合术患者康复效果，减少患者腰、下肢疼痛，改善患者抑郁症状，值得临床推广普及。

Effect of early rehabilitation nursing intervention on the patients with lumbar intervertebral fusion

Objective To explore the effect of early rehabilitation nursing intervention on the patients with lumbar interverte-bral fusion, so as to provide nursing experience for those patients with lumbar intervertebral fusion.Methods Seventy-six patients with lumbar degenerative disease implemented with lumbar intervertebral fusion were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group, each consisting of 38 patients.The control group received routine nursing, while the observation group received early re-habilitation nursing intervention, all having a consecutive intervention of 12 weeks.Total scores of low back pain oswestry disability in-dex ( ODI) and scores of main items, visual analog scores ( VAS) and scores of depression symptom ( SDS) both before and after inter-vention were closely observed and compared between the 2 groups.Results Total ODI scores and scores of 5 major items ( pain sensa-tion, self-care, sleep, sit-up, social activity) in the 2 groups after intervention were significantly decreased as compared with those be-fore intervention (P<0.05).Total ODI scores and scores of the above 5 major items in the observation group after intervention were significantly lower than those of the control group after intervention (P<0.05).Scores of waist and lower limb VASs in the two groups after intervention were significantly lower than those before intervention(P<0.05).SDS scores in the observation group after interven-tion were significantly lower than those before intervention(P>0.05),while no significant changes in them could be noted in the control group(P>0.05).Scores of waist and lower limb VAS, as well as SDS in the observation group after intervention were significantly low-er than those of the control group after intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion Early rehabilitation nursing intervention could significantly hasten the rehabilitation of the patients with lumbar intervertebral fusion, alleviate waist and leg pain, and improve symptoms of depres-sion, and was worthy further clinical popularization.