Pure Erythroid Leukemia Mimicking Ewing Sarcoma/Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor in an Infant |
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| Authors: | Razvan Lapadat MD Richard L. Tower MD MS II Wayne Tam MD PhD Attilio Orazi MD Gabriela Gheorghe MD |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois;2. MACC Fund Research Center, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Blood and Marrow Transplant, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin;3. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York;4. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin |
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| Abstract: | Pure erythroid leukemia (PEL) is a rare type of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a very aggressive clinical course. Presentation as a myeloid/erythroid sarcoma is exceedingly rare. We describe an infantile PEL presenting as a multifocal myeloid sarcoma, clinically and pathologically mimicking Ewing sarcoma/PNET family of tumors. The patient died 8 weeks after the initial presentation due to widespread disease. Our case shows that PEL needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of small round blue cell tumors in infancy. A meticulous workup including immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, molecular, and cytogenetic studies was required to reach the diagnosis. |
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| Keywords: | erythroid leukemia Ewings/PNET pathology pediatric oncology |
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