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Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP)-like immunoreactive neuronal elements in rat hypothalamus and median eminence with special reference to morphological background of its effect on anterior pituitary — light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry |
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| Authors: | Yoshitaka Tamada Masaki Tanaka Yukio Ichitani Hitoshi Okamura Noboru Yanaihara Yasuhiko Ibata |
| Affiliation: | a Department of Anatomy, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi, Hirokoji, Kamikyoku, Kyoto, Japan 602 b Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305, Japan c Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Shizuoka, School of Pharmacological Science, Yada, 395, Shizuoka, 422, Japan |
| Abstract: | Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide-like immunoreactive (PACAP-LI) neuronal elements in the rat hypothalamus including the median eminence (ME) were investigated by light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry. PACAP-LI neuronal perikarya with well-developed cell organelles and dense granules were distributed mainly in the magnocellular portion of the paraventricular nucleus and throughout the entire supraoptic nucleus. In the ME, numerous PACAP-LI neuronal processes were found in the internal layer (IL), and immunoreactive terminals containing dense granules, vesicles and mitochondria were detected around portal capillaries which penetrated into the IL from the external layer. Thereafter, PACAP is released into the portal capillaries in the IL, transported to the anterior pituitary and plays a role in the stimulation of adenylate cyclase of anterior pituitary cells. |
| Keywords: | PACAP Hypothalamus Median eminence Immunoelectron microscopy Rat |
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